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searching for 405 BC 159 found (187 total)

List of ancient Greek playwrights (638 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Danaides Actaeon Huzaifus Alcestis Tantalus Achaeus of Eretria (484-c. 405 BC) Adrastus Linus Cycnus Eumenides Philoctetes Pirithous Theseus Œdipus Achaeus

beginning the period of open division between the city and the fleet. In 405 BC, the Paralus was one of ten ships that escaped from the Athenian disaster

leader. He destroyed the Athenian fleet at the Battle of Aegospotami in 405 BC, forcing Athens to capitulate and bringing the Peloponnesian War to an end

BC in western Sicily. Dionysius, after securing peace with Carthage in 405 BC, had steadily increased his military power and had tightened his grip on

(463–435 BC) Talakhamani, King (435–431 BC) Amanineteyerike, King (431–405 BC) Baskakeren, King (405–404 BC) Harsiotef, King (404–369 BC) China: Spring

Sütlüce, Gelibolu. At its mouth was the scene of the decisive battle in 405 BC in which Lysander destroyed the Athenian fleet, ending the Peloponnesian

periods, though it was largely destroyed during the Peloponnesian War in 405 BC. Larissa was rebuilt after the War but was annihilated by the Galatians

Quintus Quinctius Cincinnatus was a consular tribune in 415 and 405 BC of the Roman Republic. Quinctius belonged to the Quinctia gens, one of the oldest

Iophon (Greek: Ἰοφῶν, fl. 428 BC – 405 BC) was a Greek tragic poet, son of Sophocles, and brother to Ariston. Iophon gained the second prize in tragic

the Odrysae in the late 5th to early 4th century BC (attested from before 405 BC to after 390/389 BC). On the basis of circumstantial evidence, Medocus/Amadocus

hoi triákonta týrannoi) were an oligarchy that briefly ruled Athens from 405 BC - 404 BC. Installed into power by the Spartans after the Athenian surrender

administration. They led numerous revolts, including one that began around 405 BC, near the end of Darius II's rule (r. 423 – 404 BC), and lasted until the

of the ancient patrician gens Julia. He was consular tribune in 408 and 405 BC, and censor in 393. Gaius Julius Iullus was the son of Spurius Julius Iullus

Sophocles (c. 497/496 – winter 406/405 BC) was an ancient Greek tragedian, known as one of three from whom at least one play has survived in full. His

Syracuse. The peace treaty Himilco concluded with Dionysius of Syracuse in 405 BC expanded Carthaginian holdings in Sicily to their maximum extent. Elected

history does not record his death or the appearance of his successor. In 405 BC the exiled Athenian commander Alcibiades boasted of his friendship with

certain Teres II. Amadocus I and Seuthes II appear to have been ruling by 405 BC, when the exiled Athenian commander Alcibiades boasted of his friendship

Dionysius the Elder, tyrant of Syracuse, after securing peace with Carthage in 405 BC, had steadily increased his military power and tightened his grip on Syracuse

word, but not the word itself, first appears in Aristophanes's The Frogs (405 BC) lines 389–393, in a scene where the Chorus, who are devoted to Demeter

performed at the Lenaia, one of the Festivals of Dionysus in Athens, in 405 BC and received first place. The Frogs tells the story of the god Dionysus

Archelaus I of Macedon. It premiered posthumously at the Theatre of Dionysus in 405 BC as part of a tetralogy that also included Iphigeneia at Aulis and Alcmaeon

streak of decisive victories in the Aegean Sea, notably at Aegospotamos, in 405 BC. Athens capitulated the following year and lost all its empire. Lysander

of Jiang. Duke Kang succeeded his father, Duke Xuan of Qi, who died in 405 BC after 51 years of reign as titular ruler of Qi. Since Tian Heng killed Duke

his son Duke Xuan of Qi. Sons: Prince Ji (公子積; d. 405 BC), ruled as Duke Xuan of Qi from 455–405 BC Sima Qian. 齐太公世家 [House of Duke Tai of Qi]. Records

some Spartans who shared in the victory of Lysander at Aegospotami around 405 BC. Pausanias also mentions some statues of victors of the Ancient Olympic

institution of a new law increasing the number of Quaestors from two to four. In 405 BC, sixteen years after his consulship, Quinctius was elected as one of the

prize. A quote in Aristophanes' The Frogs suggests he was dead by around 405 BC. Some classicists suggest that the fact that he only won a single prize

general who commanded mercenaries in the service of Cyrus the Younger. In 405 BC, he accompanied Cyrus to court along with 300 men, after he had been summoned

under Spartan commander Callicratidas during his operations in Lesbos in 405 BC, and as having been commissioned by him, after the capture of Mithymna,

in 421 BC and was possibly the military tribune with consular power in 405 BC. According to Livy, Titus Quinctius was still alive in 423 BC, aged 90 years

Kingdom). Gylon is said to have betrayed Nymphaeum to "the enemy" when in 405 BC, he handed it to the Bosporan King Satyros in exchange for needed grain

Company Wyles, Rosie (2022). Theatre props and civic identity in Athens, 458-405 BC. London New York: Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 978-1-350-14399-9. Cramer, Michael

Ceiling beam, west porch ~1110 ~421–405 BC Erechtheion Athens, Greek mainland Block over Pandroseion ~1111.5 ~421–405 BC Erechtheion Athens, Greek mainland

This is a list of notable people who have died by choking. 405 BC: Sophocles (91), Diodorus Siculus claims Sophocles choked on a grape-seed in a cup of

Heraclea Minoa fell under Carthaginian control as a result of the treaty of 405 BC. but the absence of all mention of Heraclea suggests that either it did

one of the leading politicians of his time. He was born between 415 and 405 BC, the son of Andron, who was a member of the Four Hundred and an associate

Dynasty. Amyrtaeus succeeded in expelling the Persians from Memphis in 405 BC with assistance from Cretan mercenaries, and in 404 BC, following the death

413 BC Sophron Phrynichus, won 4 victories between 435 BC and 405 BC Lycis, before 405 BC Leucon Lysippus Eupolis (c. 446–411 BC) Aristophanes (c. 456–386

proposing a new agrarian law. Aemilius held the imperium for a second time in 405 BC, this time as consular tribune. He shared the office with five others, Titus

of Syracuse. Thus ended the brief period of democracy. The period from 405 BC right up to the conquest by Rome would be marked by the rulers of Syracuse

445-385 BC) was the first to mention Cimolian earth. In The Frogs (c. 405 BC) it is written: "...the earth, which is brought from the isle of Kimolos

Carthage retaliating through the destruction of Akragas, Gela and Camarina. In 405 BC, a peace treaty ended the war, with Carthage in control of much of Sicily

situation which saw the Roman state capture and annex Fidenae. Then in 405 BC, the number of consular tribunes was increased to six for the first time;

master) who particularly excelled in the battle of Aegospotami (end of August 405 BC) which finally destroyed the Athenian power. In Tilykrati depicting one

Preceded by: Hieron I Tyrant of Syracuse 466 BC– 465 BC Succeeded by: democracy position next held by Dionysius I in 405 BC

poet and philosopher, contemporary of Euripides Iophon (flourished 428 BC–405 BC), tragic poet, son of Sophocles Isyllus poet whose name was rediscovered

Carthaginians in 406 BC. After its fall, Gela was attacked by the Carthaginians in 405 BC and the allied Greek army cammanded by Dionysius I was defeated and led

Syracuse once more. The city's independence was guaranteed by the treaty of 405 BC between Dionysius and the Carthaginians, but it was soon lost again. The

呂驁 Ping of Qi 齐平公 Duke of Qi ?–481–456 BC (31)Lü Ji 呂積 Xuan of Qi 齐宣公 Duke of Qi ?–456–405 BC (32)Lü Dai 呂貸 Kang of Qi 齐康公 Duke of Qi ?–405–386–379 BC

Syracuse may refer to: Dionysius I of Syracuse, tyrant of Syracuse from 405 BC to 367 BC.; father of Dionysius II Dionysius II of Syracuse, tyrant of Syracuse

the enemy, killing them as they were engaged in plundering Verrugo. In 405 BC, Medullinus was elected Consular Tribune for the second time, alongside

410 BC. Seuthes II, king of the Odrysian kingdom of Thrace, from about 405 BC–391 BC. Seuthes III, king of the Odrysian kingdom of Thrace from ca. 330

Characters Alcmaeon Amphilochus Tisiphone Merope Apollo Others? Date premiered 405 BC Place premiered Athens Original language Ancient Greek Genre Tragedy Setting

of Aristophanes' surviving plays, from Acharnians in 425 to The Frogs in 405 BC. By contrast, only a single "contemptuous" reference to Hyperbolus is found

deity of their island and celebrated the Aeacea in his honor. In The Frogs (405 BC) by Aristophanes, Dionysus descends to Hades and proclaims himself to be

remained popular for over two hundred years (Anderson and Mathiesen 2001). 405 BC – Aristophanes, in The Frogs, defends Aeschylus' treatment of poetry and

capture and sack the cities of Akragas, Gela and Camarina by the summer of 405 BC. These defeats had caused political turmoil in Syracuse, and had ultimately

the Athenian forces following the recall of Alcibiades in 406 BC, and in 405 BC pursued the Peloponnesian fleet under Lysander to the Hellespont. Once there

Athens was in 408 BC. The Bacchae and Iphigenia in Aulis were performed in 405 BC, and first prize was awarded posthumously. He won first prize only five

the Athenian sculptor Praxiteles. A passage from Aristophanes' The Frogs (405 BC) suggests it wore a crown of myrtle. According to Pausanias, the statue

30 km south of modern Koçarlı. The city was in the Athenian alliance in 405 BC. Under the Seleucids, Amyzon was one of the cities in the Chrysaorian League

BC); Aeschylus Myrmidons, F135-36 (495 BC); Euripides Iphigenia in Aulis, (405 BC); Plato Symposium, 179e (388-367 BC); Statius Achilleid, 161, 174, 182 (96

Euripides's The Bacchae, which won the Athenian Dionysia competition in 405 BC. The Bacchanalia may have had mystery elements and public elements; religious

the Erechtheion, Greece, with parallel volutes, unknown architect, 421-405 BC Roman Ionic corner capital from the Temple of Portunus, Rome, with two sides

Lacaedemonians, celebrating their victory against the Athenians at Aegospotami in 405 BC. It depicted Castor and Pollux, Zeus, Apollo, Artemis as well as the Spartan

Titus Quinctius T. f. T. n. Capitolinus Barbatus, consular tribune in 405 BC. Titus Quinctius (T. f. L. n. Cincinnatus) Capitolinus, tribunus militum

Aeschylus (525 - 456 BC) Pindar (ca. 518 - ca. 438 BC) Sophocles (495 - 405 BC) Euripides (480 - 406 BC) Critias (460 - 403 BC) Aristophanes (ca. 460 -

naval battle in the war, at Arginusae, and their defeat at Aegospotami in 405 BC would bring the war to a close. Although Cyzicus was a dramatic victory

completed around 417 BC, as it did not refer to Darius I, but to Darius II (424-405 BC). Some early manuscripts containing the text of this book in Biblical Hebrew

slavery. They then settled 500 of their own colonists on the island. In 405 BC, by which time Athens was losing the war, the Spartan general Lysander expelled

after the destruction of the Athenian fleet at the Battle of Aegospotami in 405 BC, Sparta had launched a series of raids against the Persian satrapies of

Rex 416 BC – Agathon 415 BC – Xenocles 409 BC – Sophocles (Philoctetes) 405 BC – Euripides (The Bacchae, Iphigenia in Aulis, Alcmaeon in Corinth) 401 BC

at Arginusae. These Athenian victories proved useless, however, for in 405 BC Lysander returned to unofficial command and destroyed the Athenian fleet

Silver drachma from Larissa, 410–405 BC, depicting the nymph Larissa. Reverse: Bridled horse galloping, inscriptions IA, ΛΑΡΙΣΑ.

Ancient Greek caryatids of the Erechtheion, Greece, unknown architect, 421-405 BC Roman caryatid from the Sanctuary of Demeter at Eleusis, second half of

period before the Thirty Tyrants' reign of tyranny over Athens, around 405 BC, while the majority bring it back much later, around 388, after the death

exiled citizens that were allowed by the treaty, concluded with Carthage, in 405 BC, to return to their homes, and inhabit their own cities, on condition of

Xerxes I: 485–465 BC Artaxerxes I (Longimanus): 464–424 BC Darius II: 423–405 BC Artaxerxes II (Mnemon): 404–359 BC Artaxerxes III (Ochus): 358–338 BC Arses

earliest examples of Celtic La Tene art found in Britain, dating from between 405 BC and 380 BC. Archaeologists thought for decades that the fragments formed

tyrant. Himilco and Dionysius signed a peace treaty to end the conflict in 405 BC, which had left Carthage in direct or indirect control of 3/5th of Sicily

first version c. 411 BC The Frogs (Βάτραχοι Batrakhoi; Latin: Ranae), 405 BC Ecclesiazusae or The Assemblywomen; (Ἐκκλησιάζουσαι Ekklesiazousai), c. 392

ugliness was such that the Athenian comic playwright Aristophones could, in 405 BC, ridicule the women of the Athenian deme Teithras by referring to them as

fleet to confront Lysander, but were decisively defeated at Aegospotami (405 BC). The loss of her fleet threatened Athens with bankruptcy. In 404 BC Athens

perhaps be the son of Gaius Julius Iulus, who was consular tribune in 408 and 405 BC, and who died during his censorship about 393, or of Sextus Julius Iulus

arrest] made him more eagerly desirous of the kingdom than before." In 405 BC, Lysander won the battle of Aegospotami, and Sparta became more influential

A Syracusan tetradrachm (circa 415–405 BC) Obv.: head of the nymph Arethusa, surrounded by four swimming dolphins and a rudder Rev.: a racing quadriga

(almost 8 m high) remains standing and is one of the city's symbols. Until 405 BC the acropolis housed the most important sacred buildings of Gela but after

it must have been looted from a Greek city conquered by Carthage in 409-405 BC. Recent archaeology carrìed out by La Sapienza Universìty in the area of

political scene with both being re-elected as consular tribunes in 407 BC and 405 BC while Servilius was elected as a tribune in 402 BC. Cornelia gens – Ancient

Ostanes, whose father Darius II ruled the Achaemenid Empire from 424 BC to 405 BC. His mother was Sisygambis, a woman of obscure origins. She was probably

Messenger Clytemnestra Iphigenia Achilles Second Messenger Date premiered 405 BC Place premiered Athens Original language Ancient Greek Genre Tragedy Setting

transferred in its opisthodomos. The temple may have been burnt down during 406/405 BC as Xenophon mentions that the old temple of Athena was set afire. Pausanias

• 465–424 BC Artaxerxes I • 424–424 BC Xerxes II • 424–423 BC Sogdianus • 423–405 BC Darius II • 405–358 BC Artaxerxes II • 358–338 BC Artaxerxes III • 338–336

led by Amyrtaeus took place, potentially beginning as early as 411 BC. In 405 BC Amyrtaeus, with the help of Cretan mercenaries expelled the Persians from

A Syracusan tetradrachm (c. 415–405 BC), sporting Arethusa and a quadriga

Ancient Greek detail of an Ionic frieze of the Erechtheum, Athens, 421–405 BC, unknown architect Ancient Greek pyxis with lid, by the Meidias Painter

mentions an apparent Athenian reproduction of The Persians in his Frogs (405 BC). In it, he has Aeschylus describe The Persians as "an effective sermon

retaliation of Carthage saw the destruction of Akragas, Gela and Camarina by 405 BC, when a peace treaty ended the war with Carthage in control of much of Sicily

A Syracusan tetradrachm (c. 415–405 BC), sporting Arethusa and a quadriga.

Alcmaeon in Corinth, a play by Greek dramatist Euripides, premiered in 405 BC The Queen of Corinth, a play by English dramatist John Fletcher, published

Silver drachma of Larissa (410-405 BC). Head of the nymph Larissa left, wearing pearl earring, her hair bound in sakkos / ΛΑΡΙΣΑ above, [IA] below (retrograde)

may be some link with a dialogue in Aristophanes' The Frogs, produced in 405 BC. Dionysos is talking to his slave Xanthias, who is riding on a donkey but

seemingly independent of the one-year term clause because it was used in 405 BC to give Lysander command of the fleet after he was already an admiral for

BC Miletus Most Milesian men Persian Empire Greeks Battle of Aegospotami 405 BC Aegospotami 3,000 Sparta Athenian sailors 3,000 Athenian sailors executed

lived 97/98 years and the famous Greek tragedian Sophocles (497/496-406/405 BC) lived at least 90 years. Hosius of Córdoba, the man who convinced Constantine

Athenians under Thrasybulus were admitted. After the Battle of Aegospotami (405 BC), Thasos again fell into the hands of the Lacedaemonians under Lysander

up from the underworld, with no further details. Sophocles (c. 495 – c. 405 BC), in his Women of Trachis, makes Cerberus three-headed, and in his Oedipus

brought by Euthyphro and the main actions of this dialogue sometime between 405 BC and 399 BC, when the Athenian settlers were expelled from the Island of

and Mythology identifies Gaius Julius Iulus, consular tribune in 408 and 405 BC, and censor in 393, as Lucius' son, but his filiation in the Fasti Capitolini

slavery. They then settled 500 of their own colonists on the island. In 405 BC, with Athens losing the war, the Spartan general Lysander expelled the Athenian

popular in Athens decades after his death, as Aristophanes' The Frogs (405 BC) makes clear. Allusions to the play are evident in his The Birds of 414 BC

Socrates the death sentence in 399 BC. Aristophanes' comedy, The Frogs (405 BC), attacks the new tragedy of Agathon and Euripides, and opposes it to the

A Syracusan tetradrachm (c. 415–405 BC) Obverse: head of the nymph Arethusa, surrounded by four swimming dolphins and a rudder Reverse: a racing quadriga

Shephard Ciel Smith The Bacchae opened the City Dionysia Festival in Athens in 405 BC and won first prize. The action follows the god Dionysus on his return to

(411 BC), the Battle of Arginusae (406 BC) or the Battle of Aegospotami (405 BC). Horace listed Eupolis, Cratinus, and Aristophanes (in that order) as the

Republic and Clitophon, Clitophon was a politician of Athens, active from 411–405 BC, who was an advocate of ancestral law and a companion of Thrasymachus. In

slavery). Following the victory of Sparta, the Spartan general Lysander in 405 BC made a concerted effort to gather these exiles and restore them to their

72652°E / 37.97206; 23.72652 (Erechtheion, Athens) The Erechtheion 421 BC - 405 BC approx. 11.5 m × 22.85 m (37.7 ft × 75.0 ft) Ionic temple on the Acropolis

concluded between Dionysius, tyrant of Syracuse, and the Carthaginians, in 405 BC. The Selinuntines are again mentioned in 397 BC when they supported Dionysius

Lysander followed with a crushing blow at the Battle of Aegospotami in 405 BC which almost destroyed the Athenian fleet. Athens surrendered one year later

A Syracusan tetradrachm (c. 415–405 BC), sporting Arethusa and a quadriga.

424 BC. Gaius Julius Sp. f. Vop. n. Iullus, consular tribune in 408 and 405 BC, and censor in 393. Lucius Julius Sp. f. Vop. n. Iullus, consular tribune

sometimes given to large groups (e.g. Plateans in 427 BC and Samians in 405 BC). However, by the 4th century, citizenship was given only to individuals

asunder. Parysatis Parysatis, wife and half-sister of Darius II (r. 423–405 BC) was the real power behind the throne of the Achaemenid Empire; she instigated

Pylos, Syracuse, Cynossema, Cyzicus, Notium. But the end came for Athens in 405 BC at Aegospotami in the Hellespont, where the Athenians had drawn up their

the bull's horns counts as his beloved nurse". In Euripides' Bacchae (c. 405 BC), a messenger, describing the Bacchic revelries on mount Cithaeron, associates

Euripides. When it was performed for the first time at the Lenaia Festival in 405 BC, just one year after the death of Euripides, the Athenians awarded it first

the religion remained unchanged. Delian League took over between 484 and 405 BC and Idyma is mentioned in the tax lists for the years 453-452 BC, the earliest

Coin of Camarina, c. 415–405 BC. Camarina on swan

Philodemus of Gadara, (1st century BC)[d][e]* Philolaus of Croton, (c. 480-c. 405 BC)[a][d][e] Pingala, (c. 4th century BC) Plato, (c. 427 BC-c. 347 BC)[a][b][c][d][e]

greatest miscarriage of justice the city's government ever perpetrated. In 405 BC, the Athenian navy was defeated and destroyed by the Peloponnesian fleet

fleet to confront Lysander, who decisively defeated them at Aegospotami (405 BC). The loss of her fleet threatened Athens with bankruptcy. In 404 BC Athens

spoils of war. But the primary enemy, Syracuse, remained untouched and in 405 BC, Hannibal Mago led a second Carthaginian expedition to claim the rest of

teeth, others of the intestines, and some those which are not local. 496 – 405 BC – Sophocles "It is not a learned physician who sings incantations over pains

by Athenian playwrights. In Aristophanes' comedy The Frogs (Batrachoi, 405 BC), in which "the Eleusinian colouring is in fact so pervasive," the ruler

Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC), including the Battle of Aegospotami in 405 BC, which sealed the defeat of Athens by Sparta and its allies. The trireme

eventually succeeded by Amadocus I, also known as Medokos, in around 410 or 405 BC. By the turn of the 4th century the Odrysian kingdom showed its tendency

architect Erechtheion, Athens, with its Ionic columns and caryatid porch, 421–405 BC, unknown architect Parthenon, Athens, Greece, 447–432 BC, by Ictinus, Callicrates

tyrant Dionysius I of Syracuse. After the Second Sicilian War ended in 405 BC, Dionysius decided to focus his attention on securing Syracuse's borders

written by the Athenian playwright Euripides that was first performed in 405 BC and involves Dionysus as a central character. In both works, the central

Festivals of Dionysus Euripides (c. 480 – c. 406 BC) Alcmaeon in Corinth (405 BC), only fragments survive. Alcmaeon in Psophis (438 BC), only fragments survive

everything and yet left half behind. After the battle of Aigospotami in 405 BC, in which the Athenian fleet was destroyed, the city was besieged by the

BC Erechtheion (Athens), with its Ionic columns and caryatid porch, 421-405 BC Centuripe vase (Hellenistic); c.300-100 BC; ceramic; height: 9.4 cm; Metropolitan

Villiers Stanford, Op. 102 The Bacchae (aka The Bacchantes; Euripides, posth. 405 BC) 1924 music by Willem Pijper 1926 music by Ernst Toch (R. Viertel's version)

rediscovering the lost Euripides play Alcmaeon in Corinth (Ἀλκμαίων ὁ διὰ Κορίνθου, 405 BC). He is insistent that he hardly knew Rose at all and had never spoken to

A Magna Graecia tetradrachm, c. 415–405 BC

desertion. Sicilian Greeks left his army after his retreat from Gela in 405 BC and from Catana in 397. Syracusan soldiers had mutinied in 405 and 403 BC

mythological Greek soldier MPC · 2920 2921 Sophocles 6525 P-L Sophocles (c. 496–405 BC), Greek dramatist MPC · 2921 2922 Dikanʹka 1976 GY1 Gogol's Evenings on

private interests, when they set up the oligarchy of the Four Hundred. In 405 BC, one of the characters in The Frogs remarks that "you can no longer find

Peloponnesian War Siege of Akragas (406 BC) – Sicilian Wars Siege of Samos (405 BC) – Peloponnesian War Siege of Athens (405–404 BC) – Peloponnesian War Siege

Akragas (406 BC) Dorian Greek city Akragas sacked by Carthage. 405 BC Battle of Gela (405 BC) Dorian Greek city Gela sacked by Carthage. Battle of Aegospotami

Philodemus of Gadara (1st century BC)[b][d][e] Philolaus of Croton (c. 480 – c. 405 BC)[a][b][d][e] Philo of Larissa (154 – 84 BC)[b] Philo of Megara (fl. 300 BC)[b]

Baskakeren King of Kush (fl. c. late-5th century BC) King of Kush (reigned c. 405 BC – c. 404 BC) and was probably a son of King Malewiebamani and the younger

Arginusae Athenians Peloponnesians 405 BC Notium (Ephesus) Spartans under Lysander Athenians under Antiochus 405 BC Aegospotami Spartans Athens Athenian

Ezio ultimately kills Seraphina and reclaims his stolen belongings. In 405 BC, Kassandra travels to Delos to aid the Spartan army by assassinating two

BC) – 406 BC – Sicilian Wars Battle of Gela (405 BC) – 405 BC – Sicilian Wars Sack of Camarina – 405 BC – Sicilian Wars Siege of Motya – 398 BC – Sicilian

1993. Chandler, David. Dictionary of Battles: The World's Key Battles from 405 BC to Today. Holt, 1987. Eggenberger, David. An Encyclopedia of Battles: Accounts

of Persia in addition to Pharaoh of Egypt. His birth name was Ochus. 423–405 BC Artaxerxes II King of Persia. Ruling for 47 years, Artaxerxes II was the

stock characters, and plot elements. Sophocles (c. 497/496 – winter 406/405 BC) was an ancient Greek tragedian, known as one of three from whom at least