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Therapeutic index
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desired pharmacological effect (e.g. efficacious dose in 50% of subjects, ED50). In contrast, in a drug development setting TI is calculated based on plasmaMedian toxic dose (260 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
category of toxicity that is greater than half maximum effective concentration (ED50) but less than the median lethal dose (LD50). However, for some highly potentRTI-112 (602 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
inhibitors that were used in this study. In vivo at the ED50, RTI-112 had no DAT occupancy at all. At the ED50, almost all of the RTI-112 occupied the SERT atPhenylpiracetam hydrazide (242 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
investigated as anticonvulsants. In an electroshock test it was found to have an ED50 of 310 mg/kg. All piracetam derivatives are not permitted to be sold as dietaryMorphiceptin (151 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(into the ventricular system of the brain), morphiceptin had an analgesic ED50 of 1.7 nmol per animal. The analgesic effects of morphiceptin were reversedSCH-48461 (251 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
discovery of the prototypical 2-azetidinone CAI, SCH-48461 (ACAT IC50 ~26 mM, ED50 of CE reduction in hamsters ~2.2 mpk) and the details of the first-generation4-Fluoromethylphenidate (513 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
potential as anti-cocaine medications. 4F-MPH was reported as having an ED50 mg/kg of 0.26 (0.18–0.36), regarding its efficacy as a substitute for cocaineFuranylfentanyl (908 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is an analog of fentanyl and has been sold as a designer drug. It has an ED50 value of 0.02 mg/kg in mice. This makes it approximately one fifth as potentKelatorphan (353 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
crossing the blood-brain-barrier) hence alongside exogenous [Met]enkephalin (ED50 approximately 10 ng), it potentiated the analgesic effects of the latterZaprinast (430 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of asexual blood-stage malaria parasites (P. falciparum) in vitro with an ED50 value of 35 μM, and inhibits PfPDE1, a P. falciparum cGMP-specific phosphodiesteraseCAR-302,282 (197 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Edgewood Arsenal in the 1960s. It is a potent incapacitating agent with an ED50 of 1.2μg/kg and a high central to peripheral effects ratio, and a relativelyDMPX (104 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
peripheral and central NECA-responses. The locomotor stimulation caused by DMPX (ED50 10 μmol/kg) was similarly higher than caffeine. DPCPX 8-PT CPX (8-CPT) 8-ChlorotheophyllineWAY-161503 (261 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Sprague-Dawley rats, diet-induced obese mice, and obese Zucker rats with ED50 values of 1.9, 6.8, and 0.73 mg/kg, respectively. WAY-161503 has been usedCAR-302,668 (111 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Arsenal in the 1960s. It is a reasonably potent incapacitating agent with an ED50 of 4μg/kg and a long duration of action of around 16-24 hours. CAR-302,2823-Allylfentanyl (230 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of the allyl group makes it somewhat less dangerous than fentanyl itself (ED50(rat) of 80μg/kg vs 11μg/kg for fentanyl), although this is relative. ForPhenylethanolamine (1,633 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
had an ED50 of ~1800 nM, with an Emax of ~ 110%, whereas S-(+)-phenylethanolamine (referred to as "S-(+)-β-hydroxy-β-phenylethylamine") had an ED50 of ~1720Linifanib (206 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
effective orally in mechanism-based murine models of VEGF-induced uterine edema (ED50 = 0.5 mg/kg) and corneal angiogenesis (>50%inhibition, 15 mg/kg). AlbertLysergic acid 2-butyl amide (415 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
LSD in animal drug discrimination assays, with the (R) isomer having an ED50 of 33nmol/kg for producing drug-appropriate responding, vs 48nmol/kg forLacosamide (3,809 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
preventing the spread of seizures induced by MES in mice (ED50 = 4.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and rats (ED50 = 3.9 mg/kg, p.o.). In preclinical trials, administrationProtective index (501 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(TD50) divided by the minimum effective dose for 50% of the population (ED50). A high protective index is preferable to a low one: this corresponds toOcfentanil (661 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
analgesic activity of ocfentanil using the mouse hot plate test (55 °C) gave an ED50 of 0.007 mg/kg compared to 0.018 mg/kg for fentanyl; ocfentanil being approximatelyMedian lethal dose (3,860 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
effective dose (ED50). Therefore, it is more useful to compare such substances by therapeutic index, which is simply the ratio of LD50 to ED50.[citation needed]Bromazolam (2,075 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
resulted in full dose-dependent substitution with an ED50 of 0.54 mg/kg. In comparison the ED50 of midazolam and diazepam were 0.09 and 0.66 respectivelyU-77891 (303 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
receptors with Ki values of 2, 105 and 2300 nM, respectively. The compound has ED50 values of 0.02 mg/kg and 0.21 mg/kg in mouse phenylquinone writhing and tail-flickSeletracetam (2,338 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
seizures, doses as low as 0.07 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), and ED50 of 0.31 mg/kg i.p. were effective. Occurrence of audiogenic seizures—thoseN-2′-Indolylnaltrexamine (514 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
intrathecal ED50 of 21.07 pmol/mouse, a subcutaneous ED50 0.97 mg/kg, which is nine times more effective than morphine and an oral ED50 9.08 mg/kg whichPravadoline (492 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
adjuvant-arthritic rat (ED50 41 mg/kg, p.o.) Prevented the nociceptive response of bradykinin-induced head and forepaw flexion (ED50 78 mg/kg, p.o.) The antinociceptiveAgonist (1,618 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
relationship, termed the therapeutic index, is defined as the ratio TD50:ED50. In general, the narrower this margin, the more likely it is that the drugReverse pharmacology (294 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Metrics Efficacy Intrinsic activity Potency (EC50, IC50, ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index AffinityEmylcamate (259 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Meprobamate Emylcamate Effect 175 123 ED50 (mg/kg) 600 550 LD50 (mg/kg) 3.4 4.4 Therapeutic indexClassical pharmacology (512 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Metrics Efficacy Intrinsic activity Potency (EC50, IC50, ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index AffinityDose–response relationship (1,788 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the dose response curve reflect measures of potency (such as EC50, IC50, ED50, etc.) and measures of efficacy (such as tissue, cell or population response)RTI-32 (129 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Comparison of Data Compound DAT DA NET NA SERT 5HT ED50 Troparil 23 49.8 550 37.2 178 173 0.34 RTI-32 1.7 7.02 36 8.42 23 19.4 0.31 RTI-31 1.1 3.68 22Isoetales (481 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Paleobiology Database: 55160 PPE: isoetales Tropicos: 100000977 VASCAN: 34 VicFlora: 6b634e5c-ed50-4c4c-be79-25991a33214f WFO: wfo-9000000275 WoRMS: 886372Phosphodiesterase (1,660 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
asexual blood-stage malaria parasites (Plasmodium falciparum) in vitro with an ED50 value of 35 μM, and inhibits PfPDE1, a P. falciparum cGMP-specific phosphodiesteraseIC50 (1,072 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Metrics Efficacy Intrinsic activity Potency (EC50, IC50, ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index AffinityN,N-Dimethyldopamine (1,653 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
[3H]-ACh release from mouse striatal slices evoked by K+. In this assay, the ED50 for DMDA was ~ 0.06 μM, and for dopamine it was ~ 1.9 μM. The LD50 for NArachidonate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (1,291 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and of PGE2 production in vitro [53] and in vivo with superior efficiency (ED50 = 1 mg/kg) compared to indomethacin (5 mg/kg) [54]. Hyperforin turned outGabaculine (725 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
potent and toxic when compared to other GABA transaminase inhibitors, with an ED50 of 35 mg/kg and LD50 of 86 mg/kg. Because of this potential lethal effectAntileukotriene (1,070 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and of PGE2 production in vitro [53] and in vivo with superior efficiency (ED50 = 1 mg/kg) compared to indomethacin (5 mg/kg) [54]. Hyperforin turned outConvulxin (1,472 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
intravenously (I.V) elicited tachypnea, followed by apnea, within 20 seconds. The ED50 for brief duration apnea was determined to be 180 μg/kg. Higher doses (10Volume of distribution (1,132 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Metrics Efficacy Intrinsic activity Potency (EC50, IC50, ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index AffinityUp-and-down procedure (425 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
substantially reduces the number of animals required to determine antinociceptive ED50 values". Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods. 40 (2): 81–85Cycloheptyl CP 55,940 (106 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Cycloheptyl CP 55,940 has similar potency to CP 55,940 itself, with an ED50 of 0.06 mg/kg in animal studies. Abeo-HHC acetate CP 47,497 O-1656 US 43717204-Methylaminorex (1,802 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
4-methylaminorex can be smoked, insufflated or taken orally. As an anorectic, the ED50 is 8.8 mg/kg in rats for the (±)-cis isomers. The (±)-trans isomers are slightlyHaloperidol (4,889 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
D2 and α1 receptors at low dose (ED50 = 0.13 and 0.42 mg/kg, respectively), and 5-HT2 receptors at a higher dose (ED50 = 2.6 mg/kg). Given that antagonismHuwentoxin (2,090 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
reversibly paralyze cockroaches for several hours, with a median knockdown dose ED50 of 127 ± 54 µg/g. HWTX-II blocks neuromuscular transmission in the isolatedSHTX (1,083 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
paralytic activity (ED50) and lethal activity (LD50). SHTX I, II and III are not lethal to crabs, but they induce paralysis. The values of ED50 are 430 µg/kgPoison (4,179 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
medications—such as fentanyl—have an LD50 only one order of magnitude greater than the ED50. An alternative classification distinguishes between lethal substances thatArea under the curve (pharmacokinetics) (1,271 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Metrics Efficacy Intrinsic activity Potency (EC50, IC50, ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index AffinityEnobosarm (12,879 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
castrated male rats relative to gonadally intact control male rats, with an ED50 dose for muscle of 0.03 mg/day. For comparison, testosterone propionate wasCaudal anaesthesia (922 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
"Effect of epidural clonidine on minimum local anesthetic concentration (ED50) of levobupivacaine for caudal block in children". Pediatric Anesthesia.Ibogaline (377 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the study authors found the following order of potency in causing tremors: ED50 (μmol/kg, sc): tabernanthine (4.5) > ibogaline (7.6) > harmaline (12.8) >Central nervous system effects from radiation exposure during spaceflight (9,521 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
indicator of the exposure dose. Estimates are ED50 = 1.08 Gy for anorexia, ED50 = 1.58 Gy for nausea, and ED50=2.40 Gy for emesis. The relative effectivenessJapan Railways locomotive numbering and classification (1,881 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1926 Number built 2 2 2 2 17 4 3 3 6 6 2 8 2 12 14 2 Renumbered in 1928 ED10 ED11 ED12 ED13 ED50 ED14 ED15 ED51 ED52 ED53 ED54 EF50 EF51 EC40 ED40 ED41PRL-8-53 (651 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
canines. High doses depress motor activity in the rat and mouse, with the ED50 for a 50% reduction in motor activity of mice at 160 mg/kg. PRL-8-53 displaysCynaropicrin (2,769 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
effect on some of the human tumor cell lines has been given contradictory ED50 values. SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, A549, HCT-15 and XF498 (CNS) cell lines have been2C-B (4,144 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Oral Insufflated ED50 10 mg 4–6 mg Moderate 15–25 mg 5–9 mg Strong 26–35 mg 10–20 mg Extremely Intense >35 mg >20 mg Duration 4–8 hours 2–4 hoursN-Methyltyramine (2,028 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
found to be a potent stimulant of gastrin release in the rat, with an [[ED50]] of ~ 10 μg/kg. These researchers used a bio-assay-guided isolation procedureDimethylheptylpyran (1,725 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
human and animal studies, with the therapeutic index measured as a ratio of ED50 to LD50 in animals being around 2000 times. There have been no recorded deathsDizocilpine (3,400 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the hippocampus from ischemia-induced neurodegeneration in the gerbil. The ED50 (effective dose 50) for neuroprotection was 0.3 mg/kg and the majority ofMichael Fox (judge) (983 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article
CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) "Lincoln's Inn Great Hall, Ed50 Fox, M". Baz Manning. 13 July 2009. Retrieved 19 December 2020. ObituaryEstrogen insensitivity syndrome (3,802 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
transcriptional activity in response to stimulation by estradiol, with an ED50 that was approximately 65-fold greater than that of normal/wild-type ERαLigand binding assay (4,118 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Metrics Efficacy Intrinsic activity Potency (EC50, IC50, ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index AffinityFlorence (13,558 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
subdivided according to the sampling year. Coordinates refer to UTM32T (ED50) system. "World map of Köppen – Geiger Climate Classification". koeppen-geigerTramadol (9,009 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
transporter (SERT) in the thalamus. The estimated median effective dose (ED50) for SERT occupancy hence was 98.1 mg, which was associated with a plasmaRhesus macaque (9,079 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
689650 Paleobiology Database: 232541 Species+: 7393 Cercopithecus mulatta Wikidata: Q109647127 GBIF: 9146359 ZooBank: 4D0ED1B4-ED50-4325-8A9B-A8849C8B18A1Nikon (8,337 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
60mm Fieldscope ED78/ EDII Fieldscope III/EDIII Fieldscope ED82 Fieldscope ED50 Fieldscopes EDG 65 /85 Fieldscope EDG 85 VR BLACK Monarch 7 Monarch 5 MonarchMurepavadin (1,186 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
action. Murepavadin showed outstanding in vivo efficacy in mouse sepsis (ED50 of 0.25 - 0.55 mg/kg) and lung and thigh infection models. It displays linearBuntanetap (825 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the levels of APP protein in the cortex were reduced by buntanetap with an ED50 of ???(median Effective Dose). The β-secretase activity in the mouse brainKorado Korlević (540 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
DL16 29 February 2000 list (47776) 2000 EX 3 March 2000 list (47800) 2000 ED50 7 March 2000 list (48021) 2001 DN6 16 February 2001 list (48641) 1995 UA1Pharmacomicrobiomics (3,697 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Metrics Efficacy Intrinsic activity Potency (EC50, IC50, ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index AffinityTaxodone (3,243 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
activity against cells derived from human carcinoma of the nasopharynx (KB) (ED50 = 0.6 and 3 ug/ml respectively). Taxodone and taxodione exhibit antifungalPharmacoepigenetics (4,224 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Metrics Efficacy Intrinsic activity Potency (EC50, IC50, ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index AffinityNimbin (chemical) (3,628 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
lactone ring in nimbolide is crucial for anticancer activity. However, the ED50 value for 6-homodesacetylnimbin illustrates moderate activity. Thus, stericList of minor planets: 523001–524000 (274 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
2002 Palomar C. Trujillo, M. E. Brown centaur 77 km MPC · JPL 523598 2003 ED50 — March 11, 2003 Socorro LINEAR APO · PHA · critical 250 m MPC · JPL 523599List of minor planets: 47001–48000 (274 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
47799 2000 ES49 — March 9, 2000 Socorro LINEAR EUN 4.2 km MPC · JPL 47800 2000 ED50 — March 7, 2000 Višnjan Observatory K. Korlević EOS 6.3 km MPC · JPLList of minor planets: 179001–180000 (274 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
2002 EY28 — March 9, 2002 Socorro LINEAR · 4.8 km MPC · JPL 179563 2002 ED50 — March 12, 2002 Palomar NEAT V 1.1 km MPC · JPL 179564 2002 ES55 — MarchList of minor planets: 315001–316000 (274 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
EK48 — March 9, 2007 Kitt Peak Spacewatch H 1.0 km MPC · JPL 315114 2007 ED50 — March 10, 2007 Mount Lemmon Mount Lemmon Survey HYG 3.0 km MPC · JPL 315115List of asteroid close approaches to Earth in 2023 (3,990 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
2023-09-02 JPL 2016 LY48 77-170 5.01 2023-09-16 JPL · CAD (523598) 2003 ED50 231 19.75 2023-09-20 JPL · CAD 103P/Hartley ≈2,000 148.9 2023-09-26 JPL ·List of minor planets: 254001–255000 (274 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
254494 2005 EZ44 — March 3, 2005 Catalina CSS NYS 820 m MPC · JPL 254495 2005 ED50 — March 3, 2005 Catalina CSS V 910 m MPC · JPL 254496 2005 EG50 — March 3Ting-Chao Chou (4,948 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
or drug, it calculate mass-action law parameters such as Dm values (IC50, ED50, LD50, ICx, EDx and LDx, etc.), m values (shape of dose-effect curves andList of minor planets: 574001–575000 (274 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
EF49 — April 13, 2004 Kitt Peak Spacewatch · 750 m MPC · JPL 574979 2011 ED50 — February 25, 2011 Kitt Peak Spacewatch · 1.7 km MPC · JPL 574980 2011Pharmacology of bicalutamide (20,443 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
dissociated the anabolic from androgenic effects of AR in terms of potency (ED50) and efficacy (Emax) [29]. Levator ani muscle weight was increased to 131List of minor planets: 669001–670000 (274 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
EG48 — February 9, 2002 Kitt Peak Spacewatch · 875 m MPC · JPL 669984 2013 ED50 — March 6, 2013 Haleakala Pan-STARRS · 2.6 km MPC · JPL 669985 2013 EG51