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alternate case: governing equation
Lax–Wendroff method
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of explicit time integration where the function that defines the governing equation is evaluated at the current time. Suppose one has an equation of theVortex shedding (801 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
In fluid dynamics, vortex shedding is an oscillating flow that takes place when a fluid such as air or water flows past a bluff (as opposed to streamlined)Method of fundamental solutions (1,175 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
method (BEM) which also uses the fundamental solution to satisfy the governing equation. Consequently, both the MFS and the BEM are of a boundary discretizationFlow distribution in manifolds (1,427 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
loss is described using the Darcy–Weisbach equation. One obtains a governing equation of dividing flow as follows: where W {\displaystyle W\,} is the velocityKansa method (1,964 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
kernel function, satisfy the governing equation and are often fundamental solution or general solution of governing equation. Consequently, only boundaryFinite volume method for unsteady flow (2,115 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
absent in case of steady flows. The finite volume integration of the governing equation is carried out over a control volume and also over a finite time stepVon Neumann stability analysis (1,392 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
example of explicit time integration where the function that defines governing equation is evaluated at the current time. Later, the method was given a moreAnnular fin (685 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
heat exchange in liquid–gas heat exchanger systems. To derive the governing equation of an annular fin, certain assumptions must be made. The fin mustKernel function for solving integral equation of surface radiation exchanges (1,330 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
media. Because media neither absorb, emit, nor scatter radiation. Governing equation of heat transfer between two surface Ai and Aj q ( r i ) = ∫ λ = 0Vorticity equation (1,490 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
terms of vector calculus this is the curl of the flow velocity). The governing equation is: D ω D t = ∂ ω ∂ t + ( u ⋅ ∇ ) ω = ( ω ⋅ ∇ ) u − ω ( ∇ ⋅ u ) +Hele-Shaw flow (1,327 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
R e l ( h / l ) 2 ≪ 1. {\displaystyle Re_{l}(h/l)^{2}\ll 1.} The governing equation of Hele-Shaw flows is identical to that of the inviscid potentialAnalytic element method (1,257 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
domain, and the governing equation is satisfied everywhere exactly except along the border of the element, where the governing equation is not strictlySingular boundary method (1,161 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
problems with boundary nodes, in which a fundamental solution of the governing equation is explicitly known. The salient feature of the SBM is to overcomeBending of plates (8,494 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
function. The bending of circular plates can be examined by solving the governing equation with appropriate boundary conditions. These solutions were first foundKelvin's circulation theorem (1,028 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
velocity vector, and ds is an element along the closed contour. The governing equation for an inviscid fluid with a conservative body force is D u D t =SVFlux (418 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the flow regime through waste rock piles. Several forms of the flow governing equation are implemented in the software which provides greater flexibilityKirchhoff–Love plate theory (4,012 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
x 3 {\displaystyle x_{3}} direction is applied to the plate, the governing equation is M α β , α β = − q {\displaystyle M_{\alpha \beta ,\alpha \betaForward osmosis (3,139 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
concentration differential for the solute. It is clear from this governing equation that a solute will diffuse from an area of high concentration to anVibration of plates (3,653 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
drum. For free vibrations, the external force q is zero, and the governing equation of an isotropic plate reduces to D ∇ 2 ∇ 2 w = − 2 ρ h w ¨ {\displaystyleAstronautics (776 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Russian cosmist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky derived the rocket equation, the governing equation for a rocket-based propulsion, enabling computation of the final velocityPlate theory (6,056 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
conditions. For an isotropic, homogeneous plate under pure bending the governing equation is ∂ 4 w ∂ x 1 4 + 2 ∂ 4 w ∂ x 1 2 ∂ x 2 2 + ∂ 4 w ∂ x 2 4 = 0 whereGroundwater flow equation (1,998 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is also an unknown. This is a non-linear problem, even though the governing equation is linear. An alternative formulation of the groundwater flow equationUnified methods for computing incompressible and compressible flow (1,813 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{}T\right)+\Phi {}} One way to fix this problem is to change the governing equation; known as preconditioning; which can also increases the accuracy.Heat generation in integrated circuits (263 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
generation in integrated circuits and is an undesired effect. The governing equation of the physics of the problem to be analyzed is the heat diffusionNavier–Stokes equations (15,320 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
theorem of vector calculus). The first equation is a pressureless governing equation for the velocity, while the second equation for the pressure is aEuler–Bernoulli beam theory (7,230 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
approximated by a shear force applied at the free end. In that case the governing equation and boundary conditions are: E I d 4 w d x 4 = 0 w | x = 0 = 0 ; dMixing (physics) (369 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
diffusion as in spinodal decomposition. The convective portion of the governing equation contains fluid motion terms that are governed by the Navier–StokesElectro Thermal Dynamic Stripping Process (1,520 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
difference between ERH and ET-DSP is shown in the governing equations. The governing equation for electrical resistance heating (ERH) is given by, ρ c ¯ ( ∂ T ∂Zeldovich–Taylor flow (1,990 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
between the weak discontinuity and the detonation front. The second governing equation implies that at this point v ′ {\displaystyle v'} must be infinitePressure-correction method (868 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
)\end{aligned}}} ( ∗ ) {\displaystyle (\ast )} then provides the governing equation for pressure computation. The idea of pressure-correction also existsKuramoto model (3,921 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
oscillators is zero (i.e. ψ = 0 {\displaystyle \psi =0} ). Finally, the governing equation becomes d θ i d t = ω i − K r sin ( θ i ) {\displaystyle {\fracFinite volume method for one-dimensional steady state diffusion (1,348 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Discretization The crux of Finite volume method is to integrate the governing equation over each control volume. Nodal points are used to discretize equationsBoundary particle method (763 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Laplacian operators to eliminate a number of nonhomogeneous terms in the governing equation. The RC-MRM uses the recursive structures of the MRM interpolationTaylor dispersion (2,761 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
}}c_{1}+\epsilon c_{2}+\cdots } Substituting this series into the governing equation and collecting terms of different orders will lead to series of equationsGinzburg–Landau equation (1,117 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
part of A {\displaystyle A} ). The Ginzburg–Landau equation is the governing equation for A {\displaystyle A} . The unstable modes can either be non-oscillatoryConformal map (2,511 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
provide a useful check on the accuracy of numerical simulations of the governing equation. For example, in the case of very viscous free-surface flow aroundGold sink (1,090 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
but essentially it's the same. A strong linked system would have a governing equation for NPC vendors to follow. NPCs would be restricted to craft withFractional calculus (7,146 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
derivative for diffusion nonlocality. The time-space fractional diffusion governing equation can be written as ∂ α u ∂ t α = − K ( − Δ ) β u . {\displaystyle {\fracJeffery–Hamel flow (2,772 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle F=a} at θ = 0 {\displaystyle \theta =0} , integration of governing equation gives θ = 3 2 ∫ F a d F ( a − F ) ( F − b ) ( F − c ) ) {\displaystyleMoffatt eddies (803 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\theta }},\quad u_{\theta }=-{\frac {\partial \psi }{\partial r}}} the governing equation can be shown to be simply the biharmonic equation ∇ 4 ψ = 0 {\displaystyleTemporal discretization (883 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
variable. The following equation is obtained when applied to the governing equation, including full discretized diffusion, convection, and source termsLiñán's diffusion flame theory (764 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and transport properties and with unity Lewis number reactants, the governing equation for the non-dimensional temperature field T ( y ) {\displaystyle T(y)}Polymer physics (3,218 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
chain were independent of the chain chemistry. What is more, the governing equation turns out to be a random walk, or diffusive walk, in space. IndeedNumerical solution of the convection–diffusion equation (1,140 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
convection–diffusion equation has to deal with the convection part of the governing equation in addition to diffusion. When the Péclet number (Pe) exceeds a criticalCosmological perturbation theory (2,050 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle u\ll c~,} so we are in the non-relativistic regime. The first governing equation follows from matter conservation – the continuity equation ∂ ρ ∂ tHomotopy analysis method (2,124 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the zeroth-order deformation equation, one can directly derive the governing equation of um(x) L [ u m ( x ) − χ m u m − 1 ( x ) ] = c 0 R m [ u 0 , u 1Buckling (5,169 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
loaded with a uniform compressive force per unit length, the derived governing equation can be stated by: ∂ 4 w ∂ x 4 + 2 ∂ 4 w ∂ x 2 ∂ y 2 + ∂ 4 w ∂ y 4Taylor–Maccoll flow (1,657 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Substituting the above assumed form for the velocity field, into the governing equation, we obtain the general Taylor–Maccoll equation ( c 2 − f ′ 2 ) f ″Hydrodynamic stability (2,525 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
disturbances of different wavelengths evolve independently. (A nonlinear governing equation will allow disturbances of different wavelengths to interact withMeshfree methods (4,376 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(November 2008). "A gradient smoothing method (GSM) based on strong form governing equation for adaptive analysis of solid mechanics problems". Finite ElementsPrecipitation hardening (5,467 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and r {\displaystyle r} is the second phase particle radius. This governing equation shows that for dislocation bowing the strength is inversely proportionalHagen–Poiseuille equation (6,103 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
cross-section u(y,z) satisfies the condition that u = 0 on the walls. The governing equation reduces to ∂ 2 u ∂ y 2 + ∂ 2 u ∂ z 2 = − G μ . {\displaystyle {\fracKorteweg–De Vries equation (3,325 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
several connections to physical problems. In addition to being the governing equation of the string in the Fermi–Pasta–Ulam–Tsingou problem in the continuumStandard step method (1,658 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Reach (yn<yc). The above surface water profiles are based on the governing equation for gradually varied flow (seen below) d y d x = S 0 − S f 1 − F nChandrasekhar's white dwarf equation (1,430 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\infty } or equivalently C → 0 {\displaystyle C\rightarrow 0} , the governing equation reduces to 1 η 2 d d η ( η 2 d φ d η ) = − φ 3 {\displaystyle {\fracWind-turbine aerodynamics (5,119 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
because of its robustness and simplicity to build and maintain. The governing equation for power extraction is: where P is the power, F is the force vectorThermal simulations for integrated circuits (2,063 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle Q} is the generated heat per unit volume in [W·m−3]. The governing equation of the physics of the heat transfer problem relates the flux of heatDirac delta function (13,791 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
describe transient loads or point loads acting on structures. The governing equation of a simple mass–spring system excited by a sudden force impulse ILive-cell imaging (3,417 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
scattering theory. Both the X-ray CT and laser HT shares the same governing equation – Helmholtz equation, the wave equation for a monochromatic wavelengthElectromigration (4,570 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Localized increase of current density is known as current crowding. A governing equation which describes the atom concentration evolution throughout some interconnectPressure measurement (9,894 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of pressure measurement instruments Physical phenomena Instrument Governing equation Limiting factors Practical pressure range Ideal accuracy ResponseSandwich theory (6,771 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
homogeneous part of the governing equation exactly and for the particular part approximately. Recall that the governing equation for a sandwich beam isHybrid-propellant rocket (6,886 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
fuel additives such as aluminium, lithium, or metal hydrides. The governing equation for hybrid rocket combustion shows that the regression rate is dependentPotential flow (5,224 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
used to model irrotational compressible flow. The derivation of the governing equation for φ {\displaystyle \varphi } from Eulers equation is quite straightforwardSelf-buckling (1,602 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
x\\&=-qx{\mathrm {d} w \over \mathrm {d} x}\end{aligned}}} We get that the governing equation is the third order linear differential equation with a variable coefficientPotential flow around a circular cylinder (2,555 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
}}x\rightarrow -\infty \,,\end{aligned}}} where ε is the small parameter. The governing equation is ∇ 2 ψ = − ω ( ψ ) . {\displaystyle \nabla ^{2}\psi =-\omega (\psiZFK equation (1,861 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
\Theta =\beta (1-\theta ).} Substituting these variables into the governing equation and collecting only the leading order terms, we obtain 2 d 2 Θ d ηMoving heat source model for thin plates (1,513 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
distributions, such as semi-ellipsoidal and double ellipsoidal. The governing equation for 3D transient heat transfer in a solid of semi-infinite dimensionsHolotomography (1,842 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
scattering theory. Both the X-ray CT and laser HT shares the same governing equation – Helmholtz equation, the wave equation for a monochromatic wavelengthCharacteristic mode analysis (3,500 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{J}}\right)} is the one to be diagonalized via characteristic modes. The governing equation of the CM decomposition is X ( J n ) = λ n R ( J n ) ( 1 ) {\displaystyleDegree of reaction (1,600 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
different blade loading coefficient with the degree of reaction. The governing equation is written as R = 1 + Δ W 2 U 2 − C y 2 U {\displaystyle R=1+{\fracBiomechanics of sprint running (2,337 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
predicting a sprinter's velocity. This has yet to be integrated into the governing equation of sprinting. The kinetics of running describes the motion of a runnerInsect flight (8,529 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
typically 1/300 and the wing frequency is about 10–103 Hz. Using the governing equation as the Navier-Stokes equation being subject to the no-slip boundaryElectrodynamic droplet deformation (2,156 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the droplet and outside the droplet as having no net charge, the governing equation for the electric stress sub-problem reduces to Gauss's law with aLarge eddy simulation (7,235 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
scales, including filtered scales with unfiltered scales. The filtered governing equation for a passive scalar ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } , such as mixture fractionJanzen–Rayleigh expansion (1,229 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
_{0}+M^{2}\varphi _{1}+M^{4}\varphi _{2}+\cdots )} Substituting this governing equation and collecting terms of different orders of M a {\displaystyle Ma}ANUGA Hydro (3,551 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
size in order to capture detail where it is required. By solving the governing equation within each cell, water surface, bed elevation (hence depth) and horizontalFrank-Kamenetskii theory (3,944 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{\displaystyle \theta } stays close to 1 {\displaystyle 1} into the governing equation and collect only the leading-order terms to find out δ c d ψ d ζ =Bond graph (7,240 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Element type Bond Name Bond with causality Governing equation(s) Single-port elements Source/ Sink, S S e − − − ⇀ | {\displaystyle S_{e}\;{\overset {\textstyleLake metabolism (10,035 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
fitting the high-frequency data to models of lake metabolism. The governing equation for estimating lake metabolism from a single sensor located in the