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searching for Ralph Austen 13 found (24 total)

Khalifa of Mali (675 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

unclear whether Khalifa was actually a son of Sunjata. The historians Ralph Austen and Jan Jansen argued that Ibn Khaldun's account of Mali's history should

Cinema of Burkina Faso (715 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Burkina Faso, Florence: European Press Academic, 2005. Mahir Şaul and Ralph Austen, eds. Viewing African Cinema in the Twenty-First Century: Art Films and

Cinema of Senegal (1,925 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Politics and Commerce in Francophone African Cinema," in Mahir Şaul and Ralph Austen, eds. Viewing African Cinema in the Twenty-First Century: Art Films and

Sundiata Keita (5,264 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

clear that the original epic of Sundiata was later affected by what Ralph Austen calls "Islamicate" culture—that is, the integration of Islamic and Arab

Import substitution industrialization (5,341 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

primarily in the manufacturing sectors. Economic historians such as Ralph Austen argue that the openness to western enterprise and technical expertise

Zarma people (3,046 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

that profession, making the cleric strata a pseudo-caste. According to Ralph Austen, a professor emeritus of African history, the caste system among the

Thomas Pellow (3,808 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Nineteenth Centuries." Journal of Global History 1.02 (2006): 1–64. Ralph Austen, and Dennis Cordell. "Trade, Transportation, And Expanding Economic Networks:

Cinema of Africa (5,652 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Anthology, University of California Press, 1976, pp. 44–64 Şaul, Mahir and Ralph Austen, Ralph A. (eds), Viewing African Cinema in the Twenty-First Century:

Atlantic slave trade (31,322 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

own time. These ideas were supported by other historians, including Ralph Austen (1987). This idea of an unequal relationship was contested by John Thornton

Spirituals (12,051 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

"Traite", in Encyclopædia Universalis (2002), corpus 22, page 902. Ralph Austen, African Economic History (1987) Ronald Segal, quoted in Ronald Segal's

Jewish views on slavery (13,814 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

Charleston, and all other smaller English colonial ports." Historian Ralph Austen, however, acknowledges "Sephardi Jews in the New World had been heavily

Caste systems in Africa (13,555 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

that profession, making the cleric strata a pseudo-caste. According to Ralph Austen – a professor emeritus of African history – the caste system among the

History of slavery in the Muslim world (19,120 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

"Traite", in Encyclopædia Universalis (2002), corpus 22, page 902. Ralph Austen, African Economic History (1987) Quoted in Ronald Segal's Islam's Black