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Longer titles found: Enhanced structural adjustment facility (view), Structural Adjustment Participatory Review International Network (view)

searching for Structural adjustment 327 found (572 total)

alternate case: structural adjustment

1995 Zimbabwean parliamentary election (161 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article

controversial constitutional changes and a disastrous economic structural adjustment programme. There were 4,803,866 registered voters across the country

capitalization represents just 1% of GDP at the end of 1986. As part of the structural adjustment plan, a financial market reform started in 1988 with the aim of

labour market policy, unemployment, labour market flexibility, structural adjustment policies and social protection. He created the term precariat to

human rights. His 2007 book with Rodwan Abouharb, Human Rights and Structural Adjustment, demonstrated the negative human rights impacts of World Bank and

Education, Employment and Workplace Relations by their Diversity and Structural Adjustment Fund awarded the five Australian Technology Network Universities:

debt using the financial institutions' own resources, the end to structural adjustment policies believed to prioritize profit over the lives of individuals

countries of Central and Eastern Europe deal with the problems of the structural adjustment in their agricultural sectors and rural areas, as well as in the

which included the period in which he had a significant role in the structural adjustment of the New Zealand economy undertaken by New Zealand's Fourth Labour

reforms unfolded through the Economic Reform and Structural Adjustment Programme (ERSAP), a structural adjustment agreement signed between Mubarak, the International

transnational level. They emerged in the mid-1980s as a response to structural adjustment and neoliberal policies, guided by ideas categorized as global feminism

and Davis Mwamfupe (2000). “Peri-Urban Development in an Era of Structural Adjustment in Africa: The City of Dar es Salaam,” Urban Studies, 37(4): 797-809

to development. Priority areas include: World Bank and IMF Roles structural adjustment and poverty reduction strategies (PRS) the environment social issues

agricultural sector and the macro economy); economic liberalisation and structural adjustment; the role of the agricultural sector in the transition from central

funding to support the implementation of macroeconomic reforms (structural adjustment programmes, poverty reduction strategies). Budget support is a method

Egypt's agreement to undertake its extensive Economic Reform and Structural Adjustment Program." SFD focuses on sustainable development projects.[citation

Fund and the World Bank evaluate the trustworthiness and value of structural adjustment loans by virtue of views that are commonly foregrounded in English-language

who conducted the first ever external evaluation of the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility Advisor to the UNDP's UN Special Initiative on Africa Advisor

prominently in criticism of austerity, neoliberal, and related IMF structural adjustment policies, such as during the 1977 Egyptian Bread Riots. Egypt experienced

2004), pp. 61–72. A Thousand Flowers: Social Struggles Against Structural Adjustment in African Universities, (Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 2000)

By 1977, its membership had grown to 36,000, but it fell due to structural adjustment policies, and by 1985 was down to 13,000. By 2018, its membership

marked by the beginning of Morocco's implementation of the tedious structural adjustment policy, at the time, by the International Monetary Fund, whose repercussions

programs to increase Yemen's credit significantly: the enhanced structural adjustment facility (now known as the poverty reduction and growth facility

financial agreement with the IMF's Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility (ESAF) and the WB's Structural Adjustment Credit (SAC). This involved adopting a

Pages 120-123 Journal of Government Information. Economic crisis, structural adjustment and social crisis in Nigeria, Julius O.Ihonvbere, World Development

Office, International Labour (1994). Political Transformation, Structural Adjustment and Industrial Relations in Africa : English-speaking Countries:

Kersi; Brunner, Jake (2000). The right conditions: the World Bank, structural adjustment, and forest policy reform. Washington, DC: World Resources Institute

of March 1998, Cameroon's fifth IMF program – a 3-year enhanced structural adjustment program approved in August 1997 – is on track. Cameroon has rescheduled

1993 to 1998, the Commonwealth Expert Group of Eminent Persons on Structural Adjustment and Women, and was instrumental in the published report, Engendering

the global economy and to improve international competitiveness. structural adjustment as only one component of structural change. More recent contributions

services. The following year, Mwinyi negotiated Tanzania's first structural adjustment facility (SAF) with the IMF, followed by subsequent agreements in

students in rural area to increase literacy rate, under the Sindh Structural Adjustment Credit a program of World Bank. Production and publication of textbooks

implementation of restructuring strategy; downstream business experiencing structural adjustment smoothly". 28 October 2000. Mikalai Filonchyk; Haowen Yan (11 May

Attahiru (ed.). Identity Transformation and Identity Politics under Structural Adjustment in Nigeria. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 184. ISBN 91-7106-456-7

Eighth Plan was finally launched in 1992 after the initiation of structural adjustment policies. For the first eight Plans the emphasis was on a growing

2020-04-30. Nigeria, the Handbook Review 1987: Nigeria Undergoes Structural Adjustment and Prepares for Growth. Patike Communications Limited. 1987. Giant

Bangladesh: Structural Adjustment, Employment and Social Protection for Workers. Delhi: ILO. ISBN 92-2-109235-6. —— (1994). Structural Adjustment, Employment

The Wood Industry in Nigeria have been undergoing a process of structural adjustment over the course of the last six decades, aligned with the growth

recommendations concerning arms trafficking, sanctions, refugees, structural adjustment, development assistance and debt and trade. He also emphasised the

another US$382,410 (equivalent to $985,185 in 2023) in shape of structural adjustment facility commitment - both on 28 December 1988. In 1990, government

"Malawi Country Economic Memorandum (1999-2000)"; two World Bank Structural Adjustment Credits (SACs) for Malawi, namely, "The Malawi Fiscal Restructuring

Universities: Selected Issues (2002) The Political Dimension of Structural Adjustment Programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa (1990) The Doctrine of Precedent

after coronavirus". Pmdaily.com. Retrieved 5 June 2020. "Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility - Policy Framework Paper, 1997/98–1999/2000" (PDF). Imf

Retrieved 29 September 2014. OECD (21 September 2005). Trade and Structural Adjustment Embracing Globalisation: Embracing Globalisation. OECD Publishing

Journal of Economics, 1999. "The Sequencing of Fiscal Reform during Structural Adjustment. Lessons from Ghana, Uganda, and Zimbabwe", Comparative Economic

radio stations. Under Prime Minister Edward Seaga and the US-led Structural Adjustment model which encouraged the privatisation of public services, the

demonstrations in Ghana show that there is no future for Africans under structural adjustment". www.rrojasdatabank.info. https://www.amazon.co

mobilization and allocation in the public sector. These so-called Structural Adjustment Programs greatly improved the shape of the Ugandan economy, but

Kelsey, Jane (1997). The New Zealand experiment: a world model for structural adjustment?. Auckland University Press. p. 24. ISBN 1869401794. Retrieved 12

Journal of Economics, 1999. "The Sequencing of Fiscal Reform during Structural Adjustment. Lessons from Ghana, Uganda, and Zimbabwe", Comparative Economic

IMF to intervene in the 1980s to shore up the economy and impose Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) on Zambia. Kaunda only survived politically with

Political Economy, 66, pp. 499–516. Bush, RC (1994) "Crisis in Egypt: Structural Adjustment, Food Security and the Politics of USAID". Capital & Class, 53,

PMID 25813500. S2CID 35915954. Laurell, Asa Cristina (2000). "Structural Adjustment and the Globalization of Social Policy in Latin America". International

ed. (2000). Identity Transformation and Identity Politics under Structural Adjustment in Nigeria. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, Uppsala. ISBN 91-7106-456-7

three-quarters of GNP. The government delayed implementing the structural adjustment plan and was directed by the World Bank and the IMF to do so by

Expert Group Identity Transformation and Identity Politics Under Structural Adjustment in Nigeria Karen Sorensen in Nigeria on the eve of change: Transition

transactions, diversify exports, and reform the coffee industry. IMF structural adjustment programs in Burundi were suspended following the outbreak of the

Tanzanians, the crux of detriment towards women’s rights came with the structural adjustment of Ujamaa economic policies in the 1980s. Across nearly all socialist

economic policies imposed by the International Monetary Fund's Structural Adjustment Program resulted in increased unemployment and a 10% cut in salaries

context of structural adjustment: a case study from Kano, Nigeria: [a report from the research programme The Political and Social Context of Structural Adjustment

enabling Ghana to repay its foreign debts, the ERP exemplified the structural adjustment policies formulated by international banking and donor institutions

Problems in Ghana (A case study of Kpandai) The Role of Foreign Aid in Structural Adjustment Programme (Ghana as case study) A Review of UK Retail Banking Industry

towards the twin goals of promoting structural adjustment in the local economy and tackling poverty. Structural adjustment measures have been implemented to

attempted sexual assault, and kidnapping. Since the beginning of the Structural Adjustment Programme in Nigeria, Nigeria has gone through a period of economic

development of Africa and the least developed countries; Ensure that structural adjustment programmes include social development goals; Increase resources

with the IMF a first adjustment plan, in exchange for enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF) of 21.9 million Special Drawing Rights of the IMF

ESAP', criticising the Mugabe government's adoption of the Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP). The ESAP involved the introduction of neoliberal

ISBN 978-2114-29-4. 1999 "Our Continent, Our Future: African Perspectives on Structural Adjustment", T. Mkandawire and C.C. Soludo, Council for the Development of

capital of Zimbabwe | Zimbabwe Field Guide". zimfieldguide.com. "Structural Adjustment and the Working Poor in Zimbabwe: Studies on Labour ... - Google

a social system through impacts of a social organisation on the structural adjustment of the individual and of groups. They typically include fields like

World Bank reform advice for market liberalization, but rejected structural adjustment programs and conditional aid funding requiring privatization of

“The church.” Nicaragua without illusions: regime transition and structural adjustment in the 1990s. 1997. Wilmington: Scholarly Resources Inc. 1997.

Peace and AID debt owed to the United States to the promulgation of structural adjustment and open investment policies The Title I authority of the Food for

Prime Minister Mohamed Mzali and tasked Sfar with implementing a structural adjustment plan as Prime Minister. Sfar re-established Tunisia's macro-economic

1990s, the Egyptian government adopted the Economic Reform and Structural Adjustment Program (ERSAP), which attracted many foreign companies which entered

Awolowo University. Retrieved 2010-04-03. Samuel G. Egwu (1998). Structural adjustment, agrarian change, and rural ethnicity in Nigeria. Nordic Africa

Urbanization. Routledge. p. 281+. ISBN 978-1-135-68640-6. Economic Crisis, Structural Adjustment and the Coping Strategies of Manufacturers in Kano, Nigeria, Geneva:

original on 2012-03-24. Retrieved 2013-09-08. Privatization and Structural Adjustment in the Arab Countries Global Environment Outlook 3: Past, Present

Agricultural Economics. With Chris Delgado Vol. 81, No. 1. pp. 117–130. Structural Adjustment and Efficiency of Rice Farmers in Northern Ghana (2000). Economic

2018, he urged the government to avoid returning to the Economic Structural Adjustment Programme. Zimbabwe: Shun economic sabotage - ZFTU, May 2, 2007

context for the nation's poverty. The country signed an Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility (ESAF) – later converted to a Poverty Reduction and Growth

Attahiru Jega, Identity Transformation and Identity Politics under Structural Adjustment in Nigeria. Nordic Institute of African Studies, 2000, pp. 116–117

number of commitments relating to the implementation of classical structural adjustment measures: privatization of public companies, reduction of the salaried

influence regional U.S. economic policy, aiming to end free trade and structural adjustment conditions placed on loans from multilateral banks such as the World

English Series The Culture of Collaboration Genre Business, business structural adjustment, organizational change Publisher Red Ape Publishing Publication

the ‘poor’ nations form the ‘periphery’, forced to a permanent structural adjustment with respect to the reproduction dynamics of the ‘centres’ of the

quality health services to the Tanzanian population. Since the 1990s, structural adjustment policies and HIV/AIDS have greatly reduced the health-sector workforce

a Global Manufacturing Powerhouse: Strategic Considerations and Structural Adjustment". China & World Economy. 18 (1): 1–32. doi:10.1111/j.1749-124X.2010

the center of the liberalization policies of the 1980s and the structural adjustment demands of the IMF and the World Bank. The evolution of rice production—the

achieved by China and East Asian countries that were not subjected to structural adjustment schemes. Elsewhere, increases in income among the poor have been

organisations engaged in development; aid for indebted countries pursuing structural adjustment policies to allow them to maintain indispensable services; measures

Eichengreen deemed the Marshall Plan "History's Most Successful Structural Adjustment Program," stating: It was not large enough to have significantly

repression without condemnation by economic allies. New policies such as structural adjustment, free trade, and tax cuts became incredibly popular with conservative

adverse effects, such as monetary expansion and delays in industrial 'structural adjustment', which could arise because of a large surplus of funds (the idea

published in the International Journal of Health Services, January 2001 Structural Adjustment and the Globalization of Social Policy in Latin America, published

Andrei Shleifer) "The Marshall Plan: History's Most Successful Structural Adjustment Programme" (in R. Dornbusch et al., eds., Postwar Economic Reconstruction

external debt, financial liberalization in Anglophone Africa, structural adjustment, as well as on employment and labour market issues. In 2018, Ndung’u

Jega (2000). Identity transformation and identity politics under structural adjustment in Nigeria. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 70. ISBN 91-7106-456-7.

Rescuing the Africa's Giant from the Boko Haram's Clench" From Structural Adjustment to Privatisation in Nigeria Adewale was elected Chairman of the

Troubled Peace p. 99. Lee Consequences on hold p. 99. Lee Dynamics of Structural Adjustment p. 99. Lee Koreagate Investigations p. 99. Lee Diplomatic Sparring

His term as World Bank president saw the massive scaling up of structural adjustment lending that had been introduced under his predecessor Robert McNamara

DeLong and Barry Eichengreen call it "history's most successful structural adjustment program." One effect of the plan was that it subtly "Americanized"

(PDF) on 2017-05-18. Retrieved 2010-05-21. Samuel G. Egwu (1998). Structural adjustment, agrarian change, and rural ethnicity in Nigeria. Nordic Africa

from infrastructure to poverty to neoliberal stabilization and structural adjustment, to governance to glamour aid. Broadly, foreign aid encompasses

Adefarasin. "Nigeria, the Handbook Review 1987: Nigeria Undergoes Structural Adjustment and Prepares for Growth". 1987. Who's who in Nigeria: A Biographical

August 1991 onwards: originally, this was because of the Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP), a programme of economic liberalisation that dismantled

exchange rate system or a multiple exchange rate system. With the structural adjustment to international trade that has occurred since the mid-1980s, especially

government which the first world can work with the IMF employed SAPs (Structural Adjustment Policies) to restructure the country. This interjection by so many

initiated its first IMF loan request under the conditions of a Structural Adjustment Program (SAP). SAP refers to the conditionality attached to an IMF

practices. Daker, Senegal, CODESRIA. Yeboah, Ian (Spring 2000). "Structural Adjustment and Emerging Urban Form in Accra, Ghana". Africa Today 47 (2): 61–89

set targets of annual 5% growth and 25% inflation for 2000–2001. Structural adjustment programs with the World Bank and IMF and interest-free credits to

hitherto characterised the region's industrial base. This process of structural adjustment is still going on. Economically the most important region is the

privatisation stipulated by the IMF and World Bank Economic Reform and Structural Adjustment Program (ERSAP) in the 1990s, that saw over 400 companies privatized

self-management. At this time, the country had crippling foreign debt, structural adjustment measures enforced by the International Monetary Fund, and economic

position he held until 2000. He was able to successfully carry out a structural adjustment program with the IMF and the World Bank. He also initiated the first

self-management. At this time, the country had crippling foreign debt, structural adjustment measures enforced by the International Monetary Fund, and economic

responsible for Public Affairs. In 1987, he was the Director for the Structural Adjustment Programme Secretariat. He served in this capacity until 1991. A

Suggested Evidence from Greece» in L. Ahamed and S. Edwards (eds.) Structural Adjustment and Exchange Rate Policy, University of Chicago Press, 1986; also

Decentralize, is That the Question? Nicaraguan Health Policy under Structural Adjustment in the 1990s". International Journal of Health Services. 30 (1):

‘Financial Programming and Stabilization’, from Stabilization and Structural Adjustment: Macroeconomic Frameworks for Analyzing the Crisis in sub-Saharan

position he held until 2000. He was able to successfully carry out a structural adjustment program with the IMF and the World Bank. He also initiated the first

Attahiru (2000). Identity Transformation and Identity Politics Under Structural Adjustment in Nigeria. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 118. Olojede 2000, p. 13

negotiations with the IMF and the World Bank to reach agreements on structural adjustment. The CFA franc was devaluated in January 1994, and this was followed

in accordance with the Presidential Decree of 04.04.95 № 282 "On structural adjustment in the power complex of Ukraine", on the basis of thermal power

of Ghana. Gloria T. Emeagwali, ed. (1995). Women Pay the Price: Structural Adjustment in Africa and the Caribbean. Africa Research & Publications. pp

he was in charge of its central African operations, dealing with structural adjustment programs and assistance. Following the January 1995 parliamentary

Barry Eichengreen conclude it was, " History's Most Successful Structural Adjustment Program." They state: It was not large enough to have significantly

University of Chicago Press. p. 56ff. ISBN 0-226-62085-9. "Nigeria - Structural Adjustment". Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress. Retrieved

Urbanisation in India : Basic Services and People's participation (1993) Structural Adjustment, Global Trade and the New Political Economy of Development (1998)

Macroeconomic implications of sectoral policy incentives under structural adjustment: a general equilibrium analysis of sectoral terms of trade changes

Bank, EBRD and KfW, which also advanced loans for stabilization, structural adjustment, industrial restructuring and social protection. Technical assistance

economic policies and established a comprehensive economic reform and structural adjustment program with the assistance of the IMF. The program, which continued

transparency and good governance. In April 1990, the IMF under the Structural Adjustment Program forced the Ivorian President, Félix Houphouët-Boigny, to

and books including: A Thousand Flowers: Social struggles against structural adjustment in African universities, co-edited with Silvia Federici and George

Barry Eichengreen, The Marshall Plan: History’s Most Successful Structural Adjustment Program, University of California at Berkeley, Working Paper No

was either embezzled, stolen, or "wasted on elephant projects". "Structural adjustment programmes" implemented as a condition of IMF loans cut support

Mozambican government, the Bretton Woods institution implemented a Structural Adjustment Program. The institution provided debt relief and aid in exchange

promoting independent business activities. Facilitates the industry’s structural adjustment and promotes the establishment of venture businesses and conversion

World Bank reform advice for market liberalization, but rejected structural adjustment programs and conditional aid funding requiring the privatization

however, undertaken to cushion the negative effects of austerity and structural adjustment. A Social Support Programme was introduced to provide welfare assistance

Senegambia Confederation." in The Political Economy of Senegal Under Structural Adjustment, edited by Christopher L. Delgado and Sidi Jammeh. ABC-CLIO. Nicodemus

ed. (2000). Identity transformation and identity politics under structural adjustment in Nigeria. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 235. ISBN 91-7106-456-7

a new strategy involving the negotiation of a stabilisation and structural adjustment programme with the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank

(OPL) and an increasingly vocal Fanmi Lavalas, which opposed the structural adjustment and privatization program of Préval's government.[citation needed]

generation. However, the growth is a result of a donor-led process of structural adjustment as compatible with the survival of the status quo. The growth rate

Thandika; Charles C. Soludo, Editors (2000). African Voices on Structural Adjustment. IDRC Books. ISBN 0-88936-888-0. {{cite book}}: |author2= has generic

a new strategy involving the negotiation of a stabilisation and structural adjustment programme with the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank

Attahiru (ed.). Identity Transformation and Identity Politics under Structural Adjustment in Nigeria. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 184. ISBN 91-7106-456-7

contributed a chapter entitled "The Role of the Private Sector in the Structural Adjustment Process" in the book Business, Government and Society, edited by

002. ISSN 0306-9192. "Policy Framework Papers--Ghana--Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility, Economic and Financial Policy Framework Paper, 1998-2000

Eighth Plan was finally launched in 1992 after the initiation of structural adjustment policies. 1989–91 was a period of economic instability in India

L. Delgado, Sidi Jammeh. The Political Economy of Senegal Under Structural Adjustment. School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University

1994, with a dissertation "IMF Conditionality and the Problem of Structural Adjustment in the Zambian Economy". In 2012 he habilitated, based on his work

widespread deregulation, as Thailand was mandated to adopt a range of structural adjustment reforms upon receiving funding from the IMF and World Bank. These

efficiency in health delivery in Tanzania especially after the Structural Adjustment Programs of 1993. The Medical Stores Department (MSD) which came

(2019) The new EU industrial policy: Authoritarian neoliberal structural adjustment and the case for alternatives. In I. Bruff and C.B. Tansel (2019)

Latin American countries, such as Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela, for structural adjustment lending, fiscal adjustments and privatization. As a Public/Private

or terminate contracts with foreign entities. Conditions of the structural adjustment agreement recently signed by Djibouti and the International Monetary

cultural expenditure. It aims to suspend the IMF's and World Bank's structural adjustment policies, to radically reform the World Trade Organization, and

Kitts and Nevis, Turks and Caicos, and Montserrat with a focus on structural adjustment programmes, as well as monetary and fiscal policy. Between 1992

cooperation touched all socio-economic spheres in Morocco. Several structural adjustment programmes were set up in essential sectors such as finance, taxation

David (1 June 2006). "Contradictory socio-economic consequences of structural adjustment in Kingston, Jamaica". Geographical Journal. 172 (2): 106–129. doi:10

attract the support of the poor, only later to apply neoliberal structural adjustment policies. It is possible that these ‘bait-and-switchers,’ as Drake

Consejo Estudiantil, starting on October 31, 1986, Ordorika rejected structural adjustment policies affecting Mexican universities and, more concretely, attempts

Company Limited 156551132 0.97 8 China State-owned Enterprises Structural Adjustment Fund Co. 67039106 0.41 9 China Basic pension fund 58092370 0.36

Attahiru (ed.). Identity Transformation and Identity Politics under Structural Adjustment in Nigeria. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 184. ISBN 91-7106-456-7

Westport, CT, and London: Praeger. (2000) (ed.) A Thousand Flowers: Structural Adjustment and the Struggle for Education in Africa. Africa World Press. (2000)

redistribution to Iran's poor. By espousing World Bank inspired structural adjustment policies, Rafsanjani desired a modern industrial-based economy integrated

devaluation of the currency by 50% provided an impetus to renewed structural adjustment; these efforts were facilitated by the end of strife in 1994 and

London, where he worked as an economic advisor working on debt, structural adjustment and other development issues, with emphasis on Latin America and

discourages the entrant due to incumbent's embedded data and the structural adjustment programs made internally. The third barrier is capital requirements

was to reject the proposal. The administration then came up with Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP). SAP was a proposal to diversify export from a crude

In June 1996, IMF approved a 3-year SDR69.5m (US$100m) enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF) and was on the verge of announcing a renewed annual

decentralize, is that the question? Nicaraguan health policy under structural adjustment in the 1990s". International Journal of Health Services: Planning

A (1995). Gloria Thomas-Emeagwalih (ed.). Women Pay the Price: Structural Adjustment in African and the Caribbean. Africa Research & Publications. pp

Jega (2000). Identity transformation and identity politics under structural adjustment in Nigeria. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 223. ISBN 91-7106-456-7

(2000). "Before the IMF: The Economic Implications of Unintentional Structural Adjustment in Ancient Egypt". Journal of the Economic and Social History of

factor in the coup's failure. Under his rule, the country adopted a structural adjustment plan submitted to it by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and

These pieces of legislation, i.e. the Sexual Offenses Act and Structural Adjustment policies; while executed with good intentions, only serve to promote

adopted structural adjustment programs for foreign direct investment inflows.[citation needed] Due to the success of the structural adjustment programs

policies led to an economic crisis in 1983, forcing him to undertake structural adjustment and submit himself to election to retain power. Elections were held

sector management contracts, or joint public-private investment. Structural adjustment agreements with the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, Inter-American

credits as well as IBRD loans support both development projects, and structural adjustment programs alike.   The IDA of the World Bank Group was created in

Fundamentalism - The New Zealand Experiment: A world model for structural adjustment?. London and East Haven: Pluto Press, 1995 Reclaiming the Future:

Bank initiated a US$165-million loan in June 1987 to assist with structural adjustment and the balance of payments. The loan was to support improvements

forms of poverty have emerged in the U.S. as a result of neoliberal structural adjustment policies and globalization, which have rendered economically marginalized

Bank-International Monetary Fund mission on a $54 million enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF). Privatization remains one of the key issues. Mauritania

achieve agricultural self-sufficiency, and reduce the burden of structural adjustment on the most vulnerable social groups. The accommodation of the rolling

employment and resolving the housing issue. Macro-economic reforms and structural adjustment programs that were imposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF)

decline in the prices of coffee and other export products and the structural adjustment measures promoted by the international financial institutions have

Authority Great Barrier Reef Ministerial Council Great Barrier Reef Structural Adjustment Package Technical Advisory Committee Hazardous Waste Technical Group

created new incentives to private enterprise, and worked out a new structural adjustment agreement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). But the populace

(1989). "The IMF, the World Bank and Reconstruction in Uganda". Structural Adjustment in Africa. International Political Economy Series. Palgrave Macmillan

combined with favourable economic conditions (including the Economic Structural Adjustment Programme), produced a 20-year period of unprecedented prosperity

2009 Succeeded by Kwasi Ameyaw-Cherimeh Notes and references 1. STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS (SAPS) IN GHANA: INTERROGATING PNDC's IMPLEMENTATION ISSN 1525-4488

political parties. The economy soon declined, so Rawlings negotiated a structural adjustment plan, changing many old economic policies, and growth recovered

land and hearsay: property and history in Asante in the time of structural adjustment, World Development, 25, 8:1225-1241. 1995 Stable prices, unstable

foreign creditors and, therefore, pave the way for a series of structural adjustment agreements signed with the IMF and the World Bank during the 1980s

August 2003. The PRGF was the successor program to the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility, which Tanzania also participated in from 1996 to 1999

Chachage, C. S. L.; Ericsson, Magnus; Gibbon, Peter (1993). Mining and Structural Adjustment: Studies on Zimbabwe and Tanzania. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 33

centre-left dominated. The IMF, World Bank and Paris Club backed structural adjustment programmes followed by the administration first seeing dirham convertibility

Eichengreen, Barry (1993). "The Marshall Plan: History's Most Successful Structural Adjustment Program". In Dornbusch, Rudiger; Nolling, Wilhelm; Layard, Richard

was experiencing. At this time Belize was also in the middle of a Structural Adjustment Program with the International Monetary Fund. Cain resolved these

Eichengreen, Barry (1993). "The Marshall Plan: History's Most Successful Structural Adjustment Program". In Rudiger Dornbusch; Wilhelm Nölling; Richard Layard

Parallel Currency Market – Trade and Finance in the Context of Structural Adjustment. Uppsala: Nordic Africa Institute. p. 30. ISBN 978-91-7106-449-3

Henryk; Okólski, Marek; Wellisz, Stanislaw (1993). Stabilization and Structural Adjustment in Poland. Psychology Press. ISBN 9780415100243 – via Google Books

Feminism in Egypt". Mortgaging Women's Lives: Feminist Critiques of Structural Adjustment. United Nations. pp. 41. ISBN 1856491013. "Aisha Rateb". Egypt Today

& World Report. Reimers, Fernando (April 1994). "Education and structural adjustment in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa". International Journal

Law Vol. 6 & 7 (1986), pgs. 118–122 Review of Some Decrees of the Structural Adjustment Era (Part 1, 2, 3), (1989) 2 GRBPL No. 2 (Gravitas Review of Business

context for the nation's poverty. The country signed an Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility (ESAF) – later converted to a Poverty Reduction and Growth

a case-study on Theobroma, a fictional African country, about 'structural adjustment problems ‘ (in French) -Trinidad and Cameroon, 1982, for the UN

ISBN 978-0-415-13209-1. Toye, J. F. J.; Office, International Labour (1995). Structural Adjustment & Employment Policy: Issues & Experience. International Labour Organization

Islamist advocates having been silent during Tunisia's period of structural adjustment in the 1980s. The general strike leveraged by UGTT would have mobilized

Science Monitor. Retrieved 2015-05-12. Prince, Rob (15 April 2013). "Structural Adjustment: Former President Ben Ali's Gift to Tunisia (Part One) Tunisia and

Text. Ratifications. Plant, Roger (1994). Labour Standards and Structural Adjustment. International Labour Organization. p. 26. ISBN 978-92-2-108010-7

was either embezzled, stolen, or "wasted on elephant projects". "Structural adjustment programmes" implemented as a condition of IMF loans cut support

International Monetary Fund and World Bank's Economic Reform and Structural Adjustment Programme, or ERSAP, the company was part of a privatisation programme

Caribbean and East African Roots of a Popular Movement against Structural Adjustment". Labour, Capital and Society/Travail, Capital et Société. 24 (1):

Zimbabwean ZANU–PF President Robert Mugabe embarked on an Economic Structural Adjustment Programme (ESAP) that had serious negative effects on Zimbabwe's

structurally dependent economic relations. They also claim that structural adjustment programs led to the privatization and liberalization of many African

2019-07-01. Nigeria, the Handbook Review 1987: Nigeria Undergoes Structural Adjustment and Prepares for Growth. Patike Communications Limited. 1987. p

war spreading from Liberia and Sierra Leone. World Bank-mandated structural adjustment and a currency devaluation in 1994 helped spread an unprecedented

issues of the political economy of financial crises, reform and structural adjustment, most notably in his initial collaboration with Robert Kaufman The

marginal status, an example is Cameroon, after the introduction of Structural Adjustment Programs in 1987. However, it must be made clear that not all African

lost support of the Soviet Union the Barre government signed a structural adjustment agreement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) during the

specifically, agroecology spread more widely during the period of structural adjustment policies in the 1970s. In this time, many Latin American countries

funds to finance imports, compelled FRELIMO to negotiate its first structural adjustment package (SAP) with the World Bank and the International Monetary

Development Studies, 1972. Flexible Rigidities: Industrial Policy and Structural Adjustment in the Japanese Economy, 1970-1980. Stanford, CA.: Stanford University

188, 194, 200, 208 ISBN 0-253-35412-9; Simon Clarke (editor), Structural Adjustment without Mass Unemployment? Lessons from Russia, 1998, Cheltenham:

Edinburgh University Press. Sanders T (2001). "Save Our Skins: Structural Adjustment, Morality and the Occult in Tanzania.". In Moore HL, Sanders T (eds

economy even further through the IMF (International Monetary Fund) structural adjustment programme. Lozada's successor, the once before president Hugo Banzer

Community. The move, although anticipated, caused major economic structural adjustment issues, as the vast majority of New Zealand's exports went to Britain

the reforms were part of the “economic liberalization packages of structural adjustment.” NPM was accepted as the "gold standard for administrative reform"

Green, Reginald Herbold (1995), "The IMF in Sub-Saharan African Structural Adjustment: No Lenders of First Resort", Poverty, Prosperity and the World

Mohammed (10 p.). -- Managing the problem of brain drain under the structural adjustment programme/James O Ogunlade (5 p.). -- The brain drain and the national

co-operation or co-optation: NGOS and the Ghanaian state during structural adjustment". Review of African Political Economy. 68 (68): 149–168. JSTOR 4006246

from the original on 12 October 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2012. "Structural Adjustment in Uganda". Members.aol.com. Archived from the original on 29 May

them in form of a figure for: The annually required Minimum Linear Structural Adjustment (MLSA) of the deficit in each of the 3 years in the transition period

decentralize, is that the question? Nicaraguan health policy under structural adjustment in the 1990s. International Journal of Health Services, 30, 111–28

International Monetary Fund adopted two lending facilities – the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility (ESAF) and the Compensatory & Contingency Financing Facility

both formal and informal trade and transportation activity. After structural adjustment policies were implemented in 1985, service sector investment and

Constrained Geographic Mobility and Gendered Labor Market Outcomes under Structural Adjustment: Evidence from Egypt. World Development, 33(3), pp. 431-454. Assaad

2021. Silungwe, Dr Wilson (January 2019). "Implications of the Structural Adjustment Program on Human Security in Zambia". International Journal for

Abuja, Nigeria. Mailafia, O. Europe and Economic Reform in Africa: Structural Adjustment and Economic Diplomacy (400-page textbook), New York and London:

to believe that Hu missed a critical opportunity for reform and structural adjustment. Hu's increased support for SOEs, including to merger and consolidate

been PP supporters. These measures were part of Busia's economic structural adjustment efforts to put the country on a sounder financial base. The austerity

development) initiative in the 70's to cater to women's welfare, SAP (structural adjustment programs) in the 80's to help women in their productivity, and PAMSCAD

Airlines Co., Ltd. 140043961 0.77 9 China State-Owned Enterprise Structural Adjustment Fund Co., Ltd. 72077475 0.4 10 GF Ruiyi Leading Mixed Securities

the program. He also served as a member of the ministerial-level structural adjustment monitoring committee which provided oversight on policy reforms

state-owned industries, a bastion of power for the CTM, as part of the structural adjustment plans imposed by the International Monetary Fund, while signing

the federal government announced plans to implement the Dairy Structural Adjustment Program (DSAP), a scheme that would be introduced nationwide to

policies were introduced to many developing countries in the form of structural adjustment programs (SAPs) that were implemented by the World Bank and the

director at the time, Volker Seebach, this was done as part of the structural adjustment within bmp greengas GmbH in order to be able to focus exclusively

welfare state to a post-welfare punitive state, along with neoliberal structural adjustment policies and the globalization of the U.S. economy, have created

redistribution to Iran's poor. By espousing World Bank inspired structural adjustment policies, Rafsanjani desired a modern industrial-based economy integrated

In Hansen, Holger Bernt (ed.). Changing Uganda: The Dilemmas of Structural Adjustment and Revolutionary Change. James Currey. pp. 230–246. Prunier, Gérard

ISBN 978-0-691-21696-6. "Does China's Land-Tenure System Discourage Structural Adjustment?" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Lohmar & Somwaru

policies: the political economy of the second best' in K. Kojima (ed.), Structural Adjustment in Asian Pacific Trade, The Japan Economic Research Center, Tokyo

Retrieved 13 May 2014. "Programme Biographies: Excess Capacity and Structural Adjustment in the Steel Sector" (PDF). OECD. 18 April 2016. Pritzker, Penny

the PDS with direct income transfers. Further, in the wake of the structural adjustment policies that came with the 1991 economic reforms, 'targeting' (i

Decentralize, is That the Question? Nicaraguan Health Policy under Structural Adjustment in the 1990s". International Journal of Health Services. 30 (1):

The Land Question in Zimbabwe (SAPES, 1995) Land reform under structural adjustment in Zimbabwe (Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2000) The Agrarian Question

the IMF meddled too much in policy making. Poor implementation of structural adjustment policies also hurt the lower classes even more. Over-optimization

The Land Question in Zimbabwe (SAPES, 1995) Land reform under structural adjustment in Zimbabwe (Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2000) The Agrarian Question

Development and Change: Essays in Honour of K.N.Raj (OUP, 1993) Issues in Structural Adjustment of the Indian Economy, in Edmar L. Bacha (ed.), Economics in a Changing

with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. At SSRC, he explored how structural adjustment policies were a proximate cause of instability and conflict, convening

Untouchables: Immigration and the New World Worker(1996) Cities and Structural Adjustment (co-edited with Ida Fabricius) (1996) Jobs for the Poor: A Case

government programs, largely as a means of politically managing the structural adjustment that was being pursued. In 1996, the former federal minister of

PMID 11955557. S2CID 38436965. Antrobus P. "Reversing the impact of structural adjustment on women's health". In: Antrobus P et al., eds. We speak for ourselves:

1016/0305-750X(87)90186-0. Kanbur, S. M. Ravi (December 1987). "Structural adjustment, macroeconomic adjustment and poverty: A methodology for analysis"

Ganeshan (1994). Technology and enterprise development: Ghana under structural adjustment. Basingstoke England: Macmillan. ISBN 9780333648490. Lall, Sanjaya;

Retrieved 23 July 2015. Hamza, Mohamed; Zetter, Roger (1998). "Structural adjustment, urban systems, and disaster vulnerability in developing countries"

Series The making of modern Africa. Aldershot : Avebury, 1995. Structural Adjustment: Theory, Practice and Impacts. Ed Brown, Bob Milward, Giles Mohan

due to a lack of supplies and trained healthcare professionals. Structural adjustment policies caused the cost of health services to rise significantly

Malappuram was 31st on a list of 372 districts. The liberalization-cum-structural adjustment package of the Fund and the Bank presents a philosophy that asserts

was created to provide financial support for the development and structural adjustment of regional economies, economic change, enhanced competitiveness

Eichengreen, Barry (1993). "The Marshall Plan: History's Most Successful Structural Adjustment Program". In Dornbusch, Rudiger; Nolling, Wilhelm; Layard, Richard

when he witnessed the devastating effects of Zimbabwe's Economic Structural Adjustment Program (ESAP) on his community. This program, designed by the International

should only be envisaged after proper financial stabilization and structural adjustment.: 8  These principles guided, in particular, the early activity

Thomas W. (1997). Nicaragua without illusions: regime transition and structural adjustment in the 1990s. SR Books. ISBN 978-0-8420-2578-2. Wikimedia Commons

Press. Pp. xxx, 1 map, 552. Kaiwar, Vasant (2016), "Famines of structural adjustment in colonial India", in Kaminsky, Arnold P; Long, Roger D (eds.)

Zimbabwe also began to court other donors through its Economic Structural Adjustment Policies (ESAP), which were projects implemented in concert with

the task force overseeing Greek implementation of austerity and structural adjustment. The new measures included: Raising €50 billion from privatisations

June 16, 2010. Retrieved December 23, 2019. Aniceto C. Orbeta Jr., Structural Adjustment and Poverty Alleviation in the Philippines Archived July 19, 2011

Retrieved 2022-07-18. "Policy Framework Paper-Nicaragua: Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility Policy Framework Paper, 1999-2001 Table of Contents". www

foreign companies and because of an International Monetary Fund–led structural adjustment plan. Labor Unions Launch Nationwide Protest Strikes. Korean Herald

2019-08-01. Retrieved 2020-03-30. "The Impacts of the World Bank and IMF Structural Adjustment Programmes on Africa: The Case Study of Cote D'Ivoire, Senegal,

18 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine BBC: Madagascar timeline "Structural Adjustment in MADAGASCAR". Wildmadagascar.org. Retrieved August 6, 2012. Richard

Transitions to Liberalism: A Comparison of Chilean and Russian Structural Adjustment." In: Law and Contemporary Problems, Bd. 5, S. 99–126, hier S. 101

ISBN 0-88258-096-5) Sahn, David E., Paul A. Dorosh, Stephen D. Younger, Structural Adjustment Reconsidered: Economic Policy and Poverty in Africa (Cambridge University

October 2020. Jacqueline Evans (May 2006). "Political ecology, structural adjustment and coral reef change in the Cook Islands, a micro-state" (PDF)

219 pages. With P. Brixen. ISBN 978-0415142601 Stabilization and Structural Adjustment: Macroeconomic Frameworks for Analysing the Crisis in sub-Saharan

government intact, and his fiscal rectitude fitted the IMF philosophy of structural adjustment. The IMF had much praise for the Somare government 2002–2011. Income

a financial crisis led King Hassan II to implement a program of structural adjustment that included some social reforms, leading to increased activity

stabilization was enacted to curb this trend. Stabilization, also called structural adjustment, is a harsh austerity regime (tight monetary policy and fiscal policy)

development, resource mobilisation, debt, governance, gender, poverty, structural adjustment, and Islamic economics. The papers presented in the meetings are

Under such a system, crushing third world debt and the devastating structural adjustment policies applied by the World Bank and the IMF would have been unthinkable

Technology and Productivity in Malawi, pp. 63-5, 75. U Lele, (1988) Structural Adjustment, Agricultural Development and the Poor: Lessons from the Malawian

economic stability; to reflect the industrial policy and promote structural adjustment; to reasonably adjust the distribution and promote common prosperity;

individuals discussed international social justice issues, like debt, structural adjustment, and cost recovery. Finally, participants with differing viewpoints

project design, development, and execution; and paths to successful structural adjustment in China's cities. Grant-supported research focuses on sustainable

falling commodity prices forced the country to adopt a series of structural adjustment programmes proposed by the International Monetary Fund between 1986

David Howard (2006). "Contradictory Socio-Economic Consequences of Structural Adjustment in Kingston, Jamaica". The Geographical Journal. 172. Colin G. Clarke

convergence. Finally, the restructuring effect represents the long-term structural adjustment of the industries servicing the public sector in reaction to the

Transitions to Liberalism: A Comparison of Chilean and Russian Structural Adjustment. In: Law and Contemporary Problems, Bd. 5, S. 99–126, hier S. 101

democratisation processes, and the impact of economic sanctions and structural adjustment development programs on the socioeconomic status of Egyptians. El-Baz

been PP supporters. These measures were part of Busia's economic structural adjustment efforts to put the country on a sounder financial base. The austerity

riots and lootings that occurred on 27 February 1989, after the 'Structural Adjustment Package' (a series of policies such as privatising utilities, remove

Illegitimate Debt for its role in funding the regime of Ferdinand Marcos. Structural adjustment loans given to the Philippines mostly ended up in the hands of the

Press. Pp. xxx, 1 map, 552. Kaiwar, Vasant (2016), "Famines of structural adjustment in colonial India", in Kaminsky, Arnold P; Long, Roger D (eds.)

to just fine companies who violate environmental law. From the structural adjustment period in 2013, the government deregulated and privatized the mining

variety of challenges, including societal development, migration, structural adjustment policies, and political transition. The office of the Human Rights

International Monetary Fund. Washington, DC: IMF. Lele, Uma (1990-09-01). "Structural adjustment, agricultural development and the poor: Some lessons from the Malawian

of New York at Stony Brook: Forms of collective action against structural adjustment and public corruption in contemporary Argentina. Ana Mariella Bacigalupo

Perspective Monde. Retrieved 12 May 2015. Prince, Rob (15 April 2013). "Structural Adjustment: Former President Ben Ali's Gift to Tunisia (Part One) Tunisia and

introduction of some outrageous charges and later, in 1986, the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP), which have now been transformed into a general

ISBN 9789074208116. Oduro, Abena D.; Jebuni, Charles D. (1998), "Structural adjustment programme and the transition to democracy", in Ninsin, Kwame Akon

flows to developing countries", and is still growing, has brought "structural adjustment" and "austerity programs", leading to "massive unemployment, falling

boom, which decreased the profitability of farming, and the 1986 Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP), which slowed economic growth, both increased poverty

in Nigeria". Identity Transformation and Identity Politics Under Structural Adjustment in Nigeria. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 46. Dockrill, S. (2002)

Conference on the Education for Girls. UNESCO. Obasi, E. (1997). "Structural adjustment and gender access to education in Nigeria". Gender and Education

after 1904, and Western Australia went through a painful period of structural adjustment over the course of the following three decades during which time

government took control as a one-party state, and agreed to some structural adjustment economic reforms with the IMF. The austerity imposed by these reforms

(3): 39–43, retrieved 3 January 2024 Miller, CL (1 January 1980), Structural adjustment and regional relocation in the Tasmanian hop industry, retrieved

through growth", in Conference in Honour of Sir Richard Jolly – "From structural adjustment to human development: impact on poverty and inequality", 17–18 November

them in form of a figure for: The annually required Minimum Linear Structural Adjustment (MLSA) of the deficit in each of the 3 years in the transition period

development cooperation of Portuguese civil society and on the impact of structural adjustment measures on the situation of African families. His fundamental criticism

government support devices, and welfare systems to an IMF-backed structural adjustment in economic and market policies. During this time, crime became