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Longer titles found: Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire (view)

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The Songhai Empire was a state located in the western part of the Sahel during the 15th and 16th centuries. At its peak, it was one of the largest African

widely used as a lingua franca in that region ever since the era of the Songhai Empire. In Mali, the government has officially adopted the dialect of

The Dendi (or Dandi, Dendiganda) was a former province of the Songhai Empire. It survived the fall of the Empire as a kingdom until 1901, when it was

al-Turi or Muhammad Ture, was the first ruler of the Askia dynasty of the Songhai Empire, reigning from 1493 to 1528. He is also known as Askia the Great

16th-century invasion of the Songhai Empire by the army of the Saadi dynasty in Morocco. The Moroccan forces under Judar Pasha defeated the Songhai under Askia Ishaq

inland areas marked "Peuple Sérère". The Songhai Empire c. 1500 Bornu Empire territory by 1500 The Mali Empire, the Songhai Empire and surrounding states, c

before the 13th century The history of the eponymous Mali Empire and of the Songhai Empire during the 13th to 16th centuries The borders of Mali are those

dynasty, ruled the Songhai Empire at the height of that state's power. It was founded in 1493 by Askia Mohammad I, a general of the Songhai Empire who usurped

The Agadez Sultanate was later conquered by the Songhai Empire in 1500. After the defeat of the Songhai kingdom in 1591, the Agadez Sultanate regained

various times made no mention of the Songhai Conquest. Others like Lady Lugard, have argued that the omission of the Songhai Invasion from the Hausa Chronicles

reigned from about 1464 to 1492 as the 15th ruler of the Sunni dynasty of the Songhai Empire. He transformed the relatively small state into an empire by conquering

northern Togo mainly in the plains of the Niger River. They are part of the Songhai people. Derived from the Songhay language, the term "Dendi" translates

Kaarta, or Ka'arta, was a Bambara kingdom that arose after the fall of the Songhai Empire in what is today the western half of Mali and lasted until its

Niger River loop, by "court craftsmen" in the Tuaregs and by griots in the Songhai. Claudot-Hawad, H. (1986). "Ahardin". Encyclopédie berbère. Vol. 3 |

Askia Daoud (also Askia Dāwūd, Askiya Dawud) was the ruler of the Songhai Empire from 1549 to 1582. His rule saw the empire rise to a peak of peace and

states such as Diarra, Great Fulo and the Songhai Empire chipped away at Mali's borders. In 1542, the Songhai invaded the capital but were unsuccessful

Aḥmad Bābā al-Timbuktī (Arabic: أحمد بابا التمبكتي), full name Abū al-Abbās Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad ibn Aḥmad ibn Umar ibn Muhammad Aqit al-Takrūrī Al-Massufi

known as Askia Isḥāq Zughrānī, was the ruler of the Songhai Empire from 1588 to 1591. He commanded the Songhai force at the Battle of Tondibi, where he was

expedition sent by Saadian sultan Ahmad al-Mansur of Morocco defeated the Songhai Empire and established control over a territory centered on Timbuktu

Islam when it came to Liberia in the 16th century with the collapse of the Songhai Empire in Mali. Islamic religious practices vary in cities and towns

communication lines, and led to conflict with Songhai. In 1512, Amar Konjago of the Songhai defeated Tenguella, ending his state. Tenguella's son, Koli, led further

in the late 16th century. He led the Saadian army in the conquest of the Songhai Empire. Born as Diego de Guevara in Cuevas del Almanzora, Castile, Judar

annually. The Nafana people are the real who can trace their origins from the Songhai empire. Their main culture heritage town is Jamera where all their history

: 408  Along with Kaarta it was one of the most important successors of the Songhai Empire. Based on an earlier kingdom established in 1640, it grew into

smaller ethnic sub-groups, who were either indigenous to the era prior to the Songhai Empire and have assimilated into the Zarma people, or else are people

the conquests of Sunni Ali (ruled 1464–1492) it became the capital of the Songhai Empire. The Empire collapsed after the Moroccan invasion in 1591 and

multiple periods of patronage and renovation under both the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire until its decline following the Battle of Tondibi in 1591. The

Inner Niger Delta.[citation needed] The 1590 expedition sent to conquer the Songhai Empire trade routes by the Saadi dynasty of Morocco was made up of four

expanding Songhai Empire absorbed it in 1468. A Moroccan army defeated the Songhai in 1591 and made Timbuktu their capital. The invaders established a new

Pasha. The Songhai were defeated at the Battle of Tondibi in 1591 and this led to the collapse of their empire. Despite the fall of the Songhai, Djenné

the center of various Islamic empires, such as the Ghana Empire and the Songhai Empire. Mali was a French colony and now follows the secular French model

one part of the royal family of Gao established themselves in Hombori. The Songhai, now the majority population, later followed the royal refugees to this

the Great) or Ishaq Kadibini (Ishaq the Black Stone), was the ruler of the Songhai Empire from 1539 to 1549, elected Askia following the death of Askia

comes from the Gourmanchéma language and means “frog”. After the fall of the Songhai Empire in 1591, the area of what later became Téra was one of the places

flourished in West Africa's two greatest civilisations the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire. Mosques are a common architectural typology and building program

Qadi al-Aqib ibn Mahmud ibn Umar ibn Muhammad Aqit (Arabic: القاضي العقيب بن محمود بن عمر; 1507/1508–1583) was a Sanhaja Berber qadi (supreme Judge) of

Askia Ismail was the sixth ruler of the Songhai Empire from 1537 – 1539, and fourth from the Askia dynasty. He was the son of Askia Mohammad I, the founder

from the capital of Gao, the empire was an important predecessor of the Songhai Empire. Apart from some Arabic epitaphs on tombstones discovered in 1939

Sonni dynasty, Sunni dynasty or Si dynasty was a dynasty of rulers of the Songhai Empire of medieval West Africa. The origins of the dynasty are shrouded

trade: the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire (from which Mali is named), and the Songhai Empire. In the late 19th century, Mali fell under French control, becoming

territory became included in states such as the Sultanate of Agadez and the Songhai Empire. It was colonized by France during the Scramble for Africa as

al-Mansur was drawn irresistibly to the trans-Saharan gold trade of the Songhai in hopes of solving Morocco's economic deficit with Europe. Al-Mansur

along with the kakaki, a kind of long trumpet derived from that used by the Songhai cavalry. Rural folk music includes styles that accompany the young girls'

Province of Lekka (now known as Kebbi), then under the Songhai Empire. As a General in the Songhai Army, he was suspected to have been a pivotal figure

the Mali Empire. In the 16th century, the region came to be ruled by the Songhai Empire. The first Europeans to visit the Gambia River were the Portuguese

undisturbed archeological sites. From at least the 16th century CE, the Songhai proper moved south into this area from the north around what is now Tera

home to speakers of Songhay Cine, a Southern Songhai language. Prior to the Songhai Empire, the area was populated by Gourmantche and Mossi peoples. By the

warring against Mali's remaining provinces. To add insult to injury, the Songhai Empire seizes the copper mines of Takedda. In 1534, Mahmud III received

Mali, is believed to be the burial place of Askia Mohammad I, one of the Songhai Empire's most prolific emperors. It was built at the end of the fifteenth

Islamist groups, he fled to Niger. Mr Djeri Mahamadou Maïga belonged to the Songhai ethnic group, one of the dominant ethnic groups in northern Mali. Mr

Mohammad Benkan, also Askiya Muhammad Bonkana Kirya, was the third ruler of the Songhai Empire from 1531 to 1537. Muhammad Bonkana Kirya was the son of Umar

by the Songhai and Sokoto Caliphate. There were also a number of forest empires and states in this time period. Following the collapse of the Songhai Empire

Takamba is a music and dance native to the Songhai and Tuareg peoples of Niger and Mali. It is both a musical composition and a dance. The musicians play

Musa or Askiya Musa (ruled 1529–1531) was the second Askia ruler of the Songhai Empire. Musa was the son of Askia Mohammad I and Zāra Kabirun-koi, a

Mohammed Bagayogo Es Sudane Al Wangari Al Timbukti was an eminent scholar from Timbuktu, Mali. Baghayogho originated from among the Juula people, who are

Bakr Dao was the 16th and last king of the Sonni dynasty to rule over the Songhai Empire located in west Africa. His rule was very short, from 6 November

Askia Nuh was a ruler of the Dendi Kingdom, the rump state of the Songhai Empire. He was a son of Askia Dawud and established his capital at Lulami, from

rivers and lakes in West Africa. The spirits are part of the mythology of the Songhai. Mythology: Myths, Legends and Fantasies. Struik. 2007-11-02. ISBN 9781770074538

is one of the best-known Nigerien musicians outside Niger. He is from the Songhai ethnic group. Born in 1966 in a small sahel town some two hundred kilometres

and farming centers in Assodé, Agadez, In-Gall, Timia and Iferouane. The Songhai Empire seized Agadez, Ingall, and centers to the south and west in 1500

capital of the Dendi of the Songhai Empire. It was established by Askia Nuh, son of Askia Dawud and it is from here the Songhai resistance against Morocco

among the Songhai nobility, denoting descent from Askia Muhammad I and Sonni Ali Ber. The name Maiga is a commonly used surname among the Songhai people

control of the mines from the Songhai during the 16th century. In around 1540 the Saadian Sultan Ahmad al-Araj asked the Songhai leader Askia Ishaq I to

Magnificent; Boabdil, the last Moorish king of Granada; Askia Mohammad I of the Songhai Empire; Ferdinand of Spain; Francis I of France; and artist Raphael along

towns of Kukiya and Gao on the Niger River in what is today modern Mali. The Songhai people are descended from this kingdom and the Zarma people of Niger

regional powers. The Kingdom of Yatenga became a key power attacking the Songhai Empire between 1328 and 1477 taking over Timbuktu and sacked the important

literature is the literature of the modern country of Mali. The ruler of the Songhai Empire at the time, Askia the Great was a patron of literature.[1] According

present in the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire, the Mossi Kingdoms and the Songhai Empire, which was then called the Bilad al-Sudan "Land of the Blacks"

The commune was formed by a king who fled from Gao during the fall of the Songhai Empire. Today, it is ruled by Mamoudou Djingarey, a descendant of the

In the later half of his reign he launched a successful invasion of the Songhai Empire, resulting in the establishment of a Pashalik centered on Timbuktu

point the capital of the Gourma region, and fought several wars against the Songhai Empire. After his decisive loss at the Battle of Tondibi and his subsequent

Songhay dialect. Some outside observers consider them a subsection of the Songhai people, while others describe them as communities with distinct histories

It is named after Askia Muhammad I, a legendary warrior who extended the Songhai Empire into the Sahara. The band's leader is singer and flautist Yacouba

states and empires such as the Kanem–Bornu Empire, the Mali Empire, the Songhai Empire, and the Hausa Kingdoms. The Sokoto Caliphate, founded by Fulani

rebel General Muhammad Askia and Sonni Baru, the legitimate ruler of the Songhai Empire on April 12, 1493 at Anfao, outside the capital of Gao, on the

Approximate extent of the Mali Empire, next to the Songhai Empire, c. 1350

conquered the Songhai Empire to expand both Islam and his economic empire. The Moroccans imposed a regime of suppression and violence, forcing the Songhai to

re-subjugate the Songhai who were well on their way to their own empire by the end of the 14th century. Attempts to re-conquer the Songhai were likely

Ghana Empire. By the 16th century, the Arab Saadi dynasty conquered the Songhai Empire based on the Niger River. Some Trans-Saharan trade routes also

West African cities. It is also common in the Zongo Settlements where the Songhai and Zarma travel. (from a French version of the dish) Fine wheat semolina

settlement Hira (surname) Hira (given name) Hira (mythical monster), among the Songhai people of West Africa The Hira Company Ltd, the parent company of Texet

Takedda, Kano, Katsina, and finally Gao, the former capital city of the Songhai Empire. Al-Maghili was welcomed to the court of Muhammad Rumfa, where

multi-lingual African-Jewish Radhanites first settled in Timbuktu in the Songhai Empire. These medieval merchants established a trading center in the

Hira is a mythical monster who occurs in epic and folklore tales of the Songhai people, particularly the Bozo people who traditionally lived from hunting

other variants, was the Kanfari, or ruler of the western provinces, of the Songhai Empire under his brother Askia Mohammad I from 1494 until his death in

included Takrur to the west, the Malinke kingdom of Mali to the south, and the Songhai Empire centred on Gao to the east. When Ghana atrophied in the face of

kamel n'goni, the soku (gourd/lizard skin/horse hair violin adopted from the Songhai, soku literally means "horse tail"), and the modern guitar are all instruments

Burkina Faso (Sahel Region). Common ethnicities in the Gao Region include the Songhai, Bozo, Tuareg, Bambara, and Kounta. The towns include Gao, Bourem, and

the Son of a Spirit") is a culture hero in epic and folklore tales of the Songhai people, in West Africa. The main source for the hero are the epics collected

the planet Mars by the planet Venus. October 16 – Saadian invasion of the Songhai Empire: An army of 20,000 troops, led by Judar Pasha is dispatched from

Kanfari was the title of a major administrative and military position in the Songhai Empire. The position was broadly in charge of the western half of the

of Scheida in Southern Morocco. The Kehath (Ka'ti) family settled in the Songhai Empire in 1492. The Kehath family later converted to Islam along with

Islam, including several major historic Islamic states in the region. The Songhai Empire, Kanem-Bornu Empire and the Sokoto Caliphate were major historical

influenced by Dagbon, Akan, Mande and Hausa people. With the fall of the Songhai Empire (c. 1600), the Mande Ngbanya clan moved south, crossing the Black

architecture refers to the traditional Sahelian architectural style of the Songhai people in West Africa. The architecture typically encompasses mud-brick

Anfao: Askia Mohammad I defeats Sonni Baru, and usurps the throne of the Songhai Empire. May 4 – In the papal bull Inter caetera, Pope Alexander VI decrees

are usually referred by the Hausa name Dendawa (which is also used for the Songhai people). /r/ may also be heard as a tap [ɾ]. /p/ is only a marginal phoneme

the first people to settle in the river-banks in the region of Gao in the Songhai Empire. The main story associated with Nana Miriam is how she used her

commune was founded in around 1340 by a Songhai group. After the fall of the Songhai Empire in 1591, Songhai refugees settled in Karma, under a descendent

France as king (reigns until 1483). 1462: Sonni Ali Ber, the ruler of the Songhai (or Songhay) Empire, along the Niger River, conquers Mali in the central

Tindirma quickly became an important trade and administrative town within the Songhai Empire, becoming the capital of the western provinces and the seat of

including the Ethiopian Empire, the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire, the Songhai Empire, the Benin Empire, the Kanem Empire and other historic nation

by Tuareg Berber men, the Hausa of the far northern Sahel region and the Songhai. In recent times, other colors have come into use, with the indigo veils

Ali becomes ruler of the Songhai people and goes on to build the Songhai Empire 1490 The Mali empire is overshadowed by the Songhai Empire 16th century

of Longewala (1971) Muslim–Quraysh War (624–630) Saadian invasion of the Songhai Empire (1590–1599) Char Bouba war (1644–1674) French campaign in Egypt

Askia Muhammad al-Hajj was the ruler of the Songhai Empire from 1582 to 1586. Muhammad al-Hajj was the son of Askia Daoud and named after his grandfather

perpetual. Fire breaks out at Metz Cathedral in France. Sonni Ali, king of the Songhai Empire, takes power over Timbuktu. February 29 – Pope Paul III (d. 1549)

migrated from the Lake Débo area of what is now Mali during the time of the Songhai Empire. Dosso borders Tahoua Region to the northeast, Nigeria to the

Hira is a mythical monster which occurs in epic and folklore tales of the Songhai people, particularly the Bozo people; its greatest opponent is Moussa

trading and religious center of the region. It was later conquered by the Songhai Empire in 1500. During the late 16th century, the trans-Saharan trade

seafoods such as crabs, oysters, shrimps and sea snails among others. The Songhai Rivers Initiative Farm (SRIF) combines livestock, aquaculture and agro-tourism

and his forces invaded the Songhai Empire in 1593. He abandoned the empire in 1618, but the Moroccan occupation damaged the Songhai state. James I of England

the region was ruled by the Songhai as part of their empire. According to the Tarikh al-Sudan, the first king of the Songhai Empire, Sonni Ali died during

people, and the most friendly unto strangers." Oualata was a tributary of the Songhai Empire; also reflected within Africanus' book Descrittione dell’Africa

the inhabitants of vassal states, including the Songhai of Gao. By the end of the 15th century, the Songhai Empire had replaced the Mali Empire and extended

invaded the Kingdom of Diarra, the rulers of which called for help from the Songhai. Umar Komajago, a brother of Askia Mohammad I, led a powerful force on

the semi-nomadic Fula, Tuareg and Maure peoples. Goundam was a city of the Songhai Empire, fell to the Moroccan invasion in 1591, and was later seized by

Africa. Through this, the boubou was historically worn by chiefs of the Songhai of Niger and Mali, Hausa and Yoruba of Nigeria, Dagomba of Ghana, the

semi-nomadic cattle raising. Other local sedentary ethnic groups include the Songhai - Djerma peoples, and Gourmantche. The concentration of Tuareg population

Kano. His reign came during a period that saw internal strife ravage the Songhai and Bornu Empires, and the death of Kanta Kotal of Kebbi. Kisoki was

traditional hairstyle or headwear deeply embedded in the cultures of the Songhai and Tuareg people, particularly in northern Mali and Niger. Exclusively

Songhai Empire absorbed the city in 1468. The Moroccan army defeated the Songhai in 1591, and made Timbuktu, rather than Gao, their capital. The invaders

Askia Muhammad Bani was the ruler of the Songhai Empire from 1586 to 1588. A son of Askia Daoud, he was elevated by his brothers after they had deposed

people found in Algeria, Mauritania, and Morocco. The Saadian invasion of the Songhai Empire serves as the precursor to later narratives that grouped darker

of Agadez, except for a period when the area came under the rule of the Songhai Empire in the 1500s. The region suffered with the advent of French colonialism

city of Djenne in 1599 with Fulani allies, hoping to take advantage of the Songhai Empire's defeat. Moroccan fusiliers, deployed from Timbuktu, met them

rights organizer Muhammad Ture (1443–1538), ruler of the Askia Dynasty of the Songhai Empire Samori Ture (c. 1830–1900), founder of the Wassoulou Empire Seku

Fakou, also known as Fakou Foye or Fakoye, is a traditional soup of the Songhai and Tuareg people in Niger and Northern Mali. This dark green, slightly

struggle with the inheritors of the 15th century CE Moroccan conquest of the Songhai Empire, the Iwellemmedan Kel Ataram clans eventually imposed indirect

Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Askia Mohammad I (c. 1442–1538), King of the Songhai Empire in West Africa Mohammed I Saadi (1554–1557), Moroccan sultan,

against Saloum. Koli assumed leadership when his father was killed by the Songhai during an invasion of the Kingdom of Diarra in 1512. There are two conflicting

The Songhai Empire, (ca. 1500)

migrated from what is now the Fula region around Lac Debo, Mali during the Songhai Empire, and settled first in Zarmaganda in the 16th century. In the 18th

the session to start on April 28. March 2 – Askia Isma'il, ruler of the Songhai Empire in West Africa, dies after a reign of slightly less than two years

Bilma. In 1449 Agadez became a sultanate, but was later conquered by the Songhai Empire in 1515, remaining a part of that empire until 1591. At this point

Auwa, as his wife. Later on, the rebellion of Kanta of Kebbi against the Songhai allowed the sultanate to attempt expansion into former Songhai tributary

it was the capital of a Gourmantché state that frequently warred with the Songhai Empire. The French arrived at the town in January 1895 and the local

source of living.[citation needed] The Wogos are very closely related to the Songhai culturally. They almost speak the same language as them and are both

is now Niger beginning in the 15th century, by both the expansion of the Songhai Empire in the west, and the influence of the Trans-Saharan trade traveling

in either incorporating or accommodating Islamic institutions." In the Songhai Empire, the ruler Sonni Baru held or syncretised aspects of the African

Augustinian and Capuchin monks from Portugal to the Kingdom of Warri. The Songhai Empire also occupied part of the region. Through contact with Europeans

Zabarma Emirate were Muslim Zarma, a subgroup of the Songhai who speak the Zarma dialect. After the Songhai campaign of 1516, some of them had settled in

Mali, is believed to be the burial place of Askia Mohammad I, one of the Songhai Empire's most prolific emperors. It was built at the end of the fifteenth

political authority was held by a supreme council of elite lords. In the Songhai Empire, the central government was composed of the top office holders

Iberia First Bagratid king of Georgia ? – 830 Askia Mohammad I Ruler of the Songhai Empire 1442 – 1538 Bagrat V of Georgia King of Georgia ? – 1393 Barnim

delivered sporadic, surprise assaults on the enemy. In West Africa, the Songhai Empire under the Askia Mohammad I (1493–1528) possessed a full-time corps

literature, 14th to 15th centuries) Classical Songhai (lingua franca of the Songhai Empire, 14th to 16th centuries) Early New High German (language of the

In a succession of conquests, the Songhai Empire required tributes from the local population from 1494. The Songhai attacked the capital of the Mali

often used. When using indigenous fly species, one tactic (employed by the Songhai Center in Benin) is to simply dump offal or meat that has exceeded the

fifteenth and sixteenth century the kingdom became a tributary state of the Songhai Empire. In 1805 it was captured by the Fulani during the Fulani Jihad

new Bambara Empire. Fortifying himself with defensive techniques from the Songhai tradition, Coulibaly created a large army and a navy of war canoes to

vassals of larger states, including the Mali Empire (14th century), the Songhai Empire (15th-16th centuries), the Arma (Moroccan) pashas of Tomboctou

Askia Mohammad Benkan, ruled the Songhai Empire from 1531 to 1537 Askia Mohammad I (c. 1442–1538), king of the Songhai Empire (1493–1528) Mohammad Abdul

while on their borders the Kanem–Bornu Empire ruled to the east and the Songhai Empire controlled territory to the west. The Tuareg, along with Fulani

he writes The Prince. Leo Africanus visits Timbuktu, second city of the Songhai Empire. Paracelsus begins studying at Ferrara University. February 14

Northern Sudan it is called khudra, meaning "green" in Sudanese Arabic. The Songhai people of Mali call it fakohoy. In India, it is locally known as nalta

Mansa Oulé, son of Soundiata became emperor. during his reign he subdued the Songhai of Gao and enlarged the territory of the empire. In the same period,

instance, in addition to India and Uganda, it had been practiced in the Songhai and Ashanti Empires. In the lands of the Sokoto Caliphate, conquered

including but not limited to the great Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire, the Songhai Empire, the Jolof Empire, the Kaabu Empire, the Kingdoms of Sine, Saloum

who travel from the Niger river town of Ayorou to Accra and Kumasi. The Songhai finds work with other Songhai in an Accra lumber market, the Sorko fishes

Spain and the Mediterranean world. As a spoil of war after defeating the Songhai Empire, sultan Isma‘il ibn Sharif of Morocco was sent thousands of Sub-Saharan

dynasty ruler of Morocco, Ahmad al-Mansur, and led by Judar Pasha, defeat the Songhai Empire, despite being outnumbered by at least five to one. March 21 –

Agadez, as well as In-Gall to the east, were the farthest outposts of the Songhai Empire in the early 15th century. In the sixteenth century, the area

revenue from tax on imports from merchant cities on the Niger. Under the Songhai Empire around the end of the 15th century Kabara was governed by two

plantations was a major reason for the 16th century Saadian invasion of the Songhai Empire. In Central Africa during the 16th and 17th centuries, slave traders

ibn Hajar gave Musa's name as Musa ibn Abi Bakr Salim al-Takruri. In the Songhai language, rulers of Mali such as Musa were known as the Mali-koi, koi

use of "Savoy in Italy" does indeed only refer to Piedmont and Aosta. The Songhai kingdom ruled roughly 1,400,000 sq km of land, or 540,543.022 sq miles

one of those places where the Askia dynasty settled after the fall of the Songhai Empire in 1591. In the mid-17th century, Sikié was part of the dominion

The mosque was built in 1515 at the time when the city was captured by the Songhai Empire. It was restored and some of it was rebuilt in 1844. This mosque

who had in turn been driven from Spain. Further east, Dubois found the Songhai people near Djenné quite different ethnically from others in the region

The Songhai zero waste farm in Benin was started by Father Godfrey Nzamujo in 1985. It is now recognised as a centre of excellence by the UN and its philosophy

invaded Diarra in 1511, at which point the kingdom called for help from the Songhai Empire. Amar Konjago, a brother of the Askia Mohammad I, led a powerful

a prayer space for 2,000 people. During the reign of Askia Dawud of the Songhai Empire, Djinguereber mosque was renovated by the Qadi of Timbuktu Aqib

mission, reaching as far as the city of Timbuktu (c. 1510), then part of the Songhai Empire. In 1517 when returning from a diplomatic mission to Constantinople

was born in Tindirma, French Sudan, on the Niger River. He belonged to the Songhai ethnic group and was captured at a young age by members of the Tuareg

psychological stress resorts to hijacking a commercial airliner to force the Songhai government to accede to his demands. Described by literature scholar

major center of Islamic scholarship and trade during the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire. Timbuktu is renowned for its historic mosques, ancient manuscripts

notably the Mali Empire, which flourished for several centuries and the Songhai Empire, under the leadership of Mansa Musa, Sunni Ali and Askia Mohammed

Zabarmawa is derived from the Hausa language word for the Zarma people and the Songhai people.[citation needed] In Mali, where they are located in bordering

conquest by and annexation to the Sultanate of Ndzuwani (Anjouan). In the Songhai Empire, criminal justice was based mainly, if not entirely, on Islamic

commerce and Islamic learning, but declined when Mali was overthrown by the Songhai. The Scottish explorer Mungo Park visited Bamako in 1797 and 1806 during

Nigeria (Arewa), Niger, and Chad, it is known as lafaya or laffaya. The Songhai people call it toungou, and among the Tuareg, it goes by the name tassaghnist

Ahmed Addahbi, who conquered Timbuktu, Gao, and Jenne after defeating the Songhai Empire. The Moroccan army which invaded Songhai in 1590–91 was made up

Spanish eunuch who became the head of the Moroccan invasion force into the Songhai Empire. Wei Zhongxian (1568–1627): eunuch of the Ming dynasty, considered

also using single locks, was the Stecknitz Canal in Germany in 1398. In the Songhai Empire of West Africa, several canals were constructed under Sunni Ali

people found in Algeria, Mauritania, and Morocco. The Saadian invasion of the Songhai Empire serves as the precursor to later narratives that grouped darker

Christianity, followed mostly in the south and center, and Islam, brought by the Songhai Empire and Hausa merchants and followed in Alibori, Borgou, and Donga

the northwestern Malian region of Tombouctou. His family belonged to the Songhai community and moved to the nearby village of Niafunké when he was still

reign of the Wattasid Abu_al-Abbas_Ahmad_ibn_Muhammad, Askia Ishaq I of the Songhai Empire sent Tuareg raiders into the Draa valley to avenge a diplomatic

Moroccan forces of the Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur led by Judar Pasha defeat the Songhai Empire at the Battle of Tondibi. 1592–1593: John Stow reports 10,675

Empire in Ivory Coast was limited to the northwest corner around Odienné. The Songhai Empire flourished there between the 14th and 16th centuries. Songhai

protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria in 1900. During the 16th century, the Songhai Empire reached its peak, stretching from the Senegal and Gambia rivers

resulted in the conquest of Timbuktu and Gao in Mali and the defeat of the Songhai Empire. This control of the trans-Saharan trade routes allowed al-Mansur

the spiritual heir of Askia Mohammad I, the sixteenth century ruler of the Songhai Empire. This was generally accepted in the Timbuktu region. There was

groups was compounded by the decline of the Mali Empire in 1375 and the Songhai Empire in 1591. As inland regions underwent desertification, inhabitants

preparation to resell to northern Saharan towns like Tuat and Ghadames. Under the Songhai Empire and Pashalik of Timbuktu, Araouane was governed similarly to Timbuktu;

in Spain, migrated south to the Timbuktu area, at that time part of the Songhai Empire. Among them was the Kehath (Ka'ti) family, descended from Ismael

one which linked Bamako to Gao on the River Niger, the once capital of the Songhai Empire. Prior to taking over the flight, Air France operated a weekly

at the Battle of Kobi in Mali in 1483. During the early 16th century, the Songhai conducted many slave raids into what is today Burkina Faso. During the

Following the breakup of Mali, a local leader named Sonni Ali founded the Songhai Empire in the region of middle Niger and the western Sudan and took control

to non-Berber ethnic groups across Niger who have adopted it such as the Songhai, Zarma, Peuls and the Hausa peoples of Niger. This type of jewelry are

settlements into large state entities – the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire. The cores of these great empires were located on the territory

discriminate against the "Osus" people as "owned by deities" and outcasts. The Songhai economy was based on a caste system. The most common were metalworkers

Mali, Moroccan forces of the Saadi dynasty, led by Judar Pasha, defeat the Songhai Empire, despite being outnumbered by at least five to one. 1639 – Harvard

educational center around the Sankhore Mosque in Timbuktu, the seat of the Songhai Empire. During this period the deposed Abbasid Caliphate moved its seat

University of Timbuktu. In a number of generations, Mali was eclipsed by the Songhai empire of Askia Muhammad I (Askia the Great).[citation needed] Following

Africa by making efficient use of horse-drawn vehicles and pack animals. The Songhai engaged in a struggle against the Sa'di dynasty of Morocco over the control

al-Mansur: was Sultan of the Saadi dynasty of Morocco that defeated the Songhai Empire. Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I Saadi: was Sultan of the Saadi dynasty

bureaucracy. It is considered the most important primary source document on the Songhai Empire. Ahmad Baba al-Timbukti was among the greatest scholars of Timbuktu

some even challenging Mali's sovereignty, notably Songhai. In 1591, the Songhai Empire was defeated at the Battle of Tondibi by a Moroccan expeditionary

uprising of 1568–71. The sacking of Gao marked the effective end of the Songhai as a regional power and its economic and intellectual decline. The increasing

elongated state trumpet called Kakaki, which was originally used by the Songhai cavalry and was taken by the rising Hausa states as a symbol of military

Agadez, as well as Ingall to the east, were the farthest outposts of the Songhai Empire in the early 1st century. During the sixteenth century, the area

was a political array of independent states in the region. The fall of the Songhai Empire in 1591 to Morocco also had freed much of the central Bilad as-Sudan

cultures have been weaving textiles for thousands of years. Utilized by the Songhai-Zarma community, the traditional loincloth known as Souban is a handwoven

the Battle of Gulnabad. The Pashtuns later formed the Durrani Empire. The Songhai Empire took control of the trans-Saharan trade at the beginning of the

Borgu, Nupe, Igala and Benin as well as further afield in the lands of the Songhai, Hausa Kingdoms and others, solidifying its place in the greater region

Masalit, Nubian and Zaghawa peoples and in West and Central Africa among the Songhai, Zarma and Kanuri. The Old Nubian language is also a member of this family

while Nilo-Saharan is represented by the Dɛndi people, descending from the Songhai Empire. The Songhay language Dɛndi predominates along the Niger River

enforced law in the countryside according to the will of their leaders. The Songhai Empire had officials known as assara-munidios, or "enforcers", acting

centuries as a grain in times of famine. In Ancient Africa, people of the Songhai Empire (modern day Mali) and the Bambara Empire (modern day Mali) would

formidable empires such as those of Ghana (modern day Mauritania and Mali), the Songhai, the Wolof, Mali and the Kingdom of Asante." The Londonist called it

the planet Mars by the planet Venus. October 16 – Saadian invasion of the Songhai Empire: An army of 20,000 troops, led by Judar Pasha is dispatched from

which ended the reign of the Za dynasty in Songhai, he re-organised the Songhai Empire and appointed Umar bin Muhammad Naddi, a Sanhaja Arab, as governor

influenced by trade with the Portuguese and later the Omanis. In West Africa, the Songhai Empire fell after an invasion by the Moroccans. Bonoman gave birth to

Timbuktu historian Mahmud Kati, who wrote the Tarikh al-fattash history of the Songhai Empire. In his own words, Haïdara was expelled from the Tin-A-Ten Nomade

of Tondibi (1591) Saadi Sultanate Songhai Empire Victory Collapse of the Songhai Empire. Formation of the Pashalik of Timbuktu. Ahmad al-Mansur Unknown

Writer/Executive Producer New Media 2013 African Genesis: The Journey of The Songhai People Cinematographer Feature Length Documentary 2014 The Counterparts

perpetual. Fire breaks out at Metz Cathedral in France. Sonni Ali, king of the Songhai Empire, takes power over Timbuktu. February 4 – Battle of Qarabagh: Uzun

caravans crossing the Saharan Desert for centuries. Agadez was captured by the Songhai empire in 1515, and controlled by Bornu in the 17th century. Kano Kingdom

sultan, longest-reigning Saadian, son of Muhammad ash-Shaykh, defeated the Songhai Empire and expanded south forming the Pashalik of Timbuktu. Lalla Aisha

Treaty of Tadla. In 1590, Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur sent an expedition to the Songhai Empire, which resulted in a victory and collapse of the empire, Pashalik

was burned down by the French in 1906. The story goes as follows: In the Songhai areas of Niger, the revolt against the French occupation was orchestrated

Mali Empire (c.early 1200s-early 1500s) Southern regions are part of the Songhai Empire (early 1500s-early 1600s) Inhabited by various Berber and Arabic

as Mansa Musa's, and some land east of Timbuktu and Gao was lost to the Songhai people. Despite the growing unrest in the region, Mali still enjoyed

firepower by the Moroccans however turned the fray into a debacle for the Songhai. They withdrew with heavy losses. The victorious Moroccans however found

1429 The Ryukyu Kingdom is established. Shuri is the capital. c. 1430 The Songhai Empire becomes independent from the Mali Empire. Gao is the capital.

of the Saadi dynasty War of the Songhai succession (1582/3–1591), after the death of emperor Askia Daoud of the Songhai Empire. The war between the two

the dominant empire of West Africa, having conquered Songhai Empire. The Songhai Empire would not regain independence for another three decades. Very

Zarma people have traditionally been a socially stratified society, like the Songhai people, featuring castes, state Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan, Tal Tamari

Anfao: Askia Mohammad I defeats Sonni Baru, and usurps the throne of the Songhai Empire. May 4 – In the papal bull Inter caetera, Pope Alexander VI decrees

Hasan Pasha – Greek Ottoman Grand Vizier Judar Pasha – conqueror of the Songhai Empire Omar Pasha (1806–1871) – Ottoman general, born Orthodox Raghib

century CE but later subordinated to Mali until its decline. In 1340 the Songhai people made Gao the capital of a new Songhai Empire. The Hausa people

Katsina received further impetus when Haj Muhammad, the first Askia of the Songhai Empire and a devout Muslim, conquered Katsina in 1512. During this period

Sahel, there was a tripartite competition between the Mossi Kingdoms, the Songhai Empire, as well as the Mali Empire, with the latter declining in the

Arabic tribes early 1500s-early 1600s: Southern regions are part of the Songhai Empire c.early 1200s-early 1500s: Southern regions are part of the Mali

established at Setuku near Fattatenda. Towards the close of the 16th century, the Songhai Empire, subject to persistent Portuguese incursions, eventually succumbed

he writes The Prince. Leo Africanus visits Timbuktu, second city of the Songhai Empire. Paracelsus begins studying at Ferrara University. January 10

16th century, Mai Idris Alooma modernized its military, in contrast to the Songhai Empire. Turkish mercenaries were used to train the military. The Sayfawa

the session to start on April 28. March 2 – Askia Isma'il, ruler of the Songhai Empire in West Africa, dies after a reign of slightly less than two years

western Africa. Though the empire was replaced by other nations such as the Songhai Empire and the Fulani Empire, the natural wealth of the region made it

compensation and as a last resort but not generally as punishment, except in the Songhai Empire (1464–1591) and in connection with the slave trade. In the colonial

and went on to invade and plunder the gold-saturated Sudanese realm of the Songhai Empire in 1590–91, bringing Timbuktu and Djenné temporarily into the

vassals of larger states, including the Mali Empire (13th-14th centuries), the Songhai Empire (15th century), the Moroccan Pashalik of Timbuktu (16th century)

the open-air assembly ground, was built when Gao became the capital of the Songhai Empire and after Askia Mohamed had returned from Mecca and made Islam

of Anfao 12 April - Rebel General Muhammad Askia gains rulership of the Songhai Empire after defeating the forces of Sonni Baru, ending the Sonni dynasty

Brahim Ould Sidati. Malian newspaper Le Temoin also stated that GATIA and the Songhai CM-FPR II were involved in the fighting at Anefis. These forces were

The territorial extent of the Songhai Empire c. 1500

Songhai invaders. In the 15th century, the Songhai would form a new dominant state based on Gao, in the Songhai Empire, under the leadership of Sonni Ali

breakup of Mali, a local leader named Sonni Ali (1464–1492) founded the Songhai Empire in the region of middle Niger and the western Sudan and took control

also contain a copy of Risāla al-Qayrawāniyya that was composed for the Songhai ruler, Muḥammad Bāni b. Askiya Dāwūd, in July 19, 1587 CE and a copy

Ottoman-Safavid War, the Ottoman Empire expands eastwards. 1591 Fall of the Songhai Empire in West Africa. 1592 Japan invades the Korean Peninsula under