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introduced only in Tokyo in the late 1860s, small schools utilizing Western models were being opened by the late 1880s. In response to disaster relief

sought to modernise Mughal and Rajput styles to counter the influence of Western models of art, as taught in art schools under the British Raj. Along with other

had ruled for nearly 600 years—with a new secular republic based on Western models and traditions. As Atatürk had created a new cultural identity for his

the Langs contracted with several companies, including Tin Wizard, Western Models and AMR (André Marie Ruf) as suppliers of the models they desired. These

developed a style of art and art education based on Indian rather than Western models, which led to the foundation of the Bengal school of art. Ernest was

movement asks to critique the ideologies of traditional white, classist, western models of feminist practices from an intersectional approach and how these

beauty standards for Westerners and Easterners are extremely different. Western models tend to be used to promote clothing and to portray seductiveness, whereas

form of Tawheed (Oneness of Allah), a dimension lacking in current Western models of nursing and, thus, could pose as a challenge for application of this

of Iranian cultural identity through the adoption and imitation of Western models and Western criteria in education, the arts, and culture; through the

isolated feudal island country into an empire that closely followed Western models and became a great power. Although democracy developed and modern civilian

economic development (either in terms of human development or traditional Western models) for any given group of people. Most scholars construe economy as involving

Christianity, since the monarchy itself and the intellectuals looked to Western models to modernise the country and endorsed the work of Catholic and Protestant

helped the regime survive until 1911. Although Cixi refused to adopt Western models of government, she supported technological and military reforms and

laws of most modern Muslim-majority countries have been derived from Western models. In recent decades several states have inserted stoning and other hudud

creating the therapy was to "integrate the differing truths of eastern and western models of healing". According to founder Frederick Smith in a 2009[update]

India as being "nosier and more colourful and more vibrant than the western models". Priya Tanna was the editor-in-chief of Vogue India from 2007 to 2021

however, between those who felt strongly that, instead of applying Western models, social scientists should develop culturally and historically contextualized

identified seven epistemological biases that had characterized the dominant Western models of communication: (1) a view of communication as linear rather than

rethinking of attempts to carry out radical reform on the basis of Western models, close investigation of the Chinese historical legacy and its contemporary

Yiduo sought to break Chinese poetry from past conventions by adopting Western models. For example, Xu consciously follows the style of the Romantic poets

Alexandre de Bonneval in reforming the humbaracı artillery corps after Western models. After his dismissal, Topal Osman served briefly as governor of the

loans. During the first half of the 19th century, with the adoption of western models of trade and finance, foreign banks began their activities in the Ottoman

Self. Integral theorist Ken Wilber has tried to integrate eastern and western models of the mind, using the notion of "lower" and "higher" consciousness

folk scene was not homogeneous nor uniform. On one hand, following Western models, Vesna Zmijanac was creating a star-image, being sex-symbol, fashionista

the queen of courtesans. The stories that interlock are patterned on western models of greed and violence. Some of the other tales are no less picturesque

in Zaria, Nigeria, the Islamic Legitimist school arose that rejected Western models in favour of the scholarly tradition of the Sokoto Caliphate and the

"Whatcha' Gonna Do When Your Baby Leaves You" (Chuck Willis) – Mary Western, Models "Mama Told Me Not To Come" (Randy Newman) – Mods of London "Sometimes

every corner of their lives. "...a radical questioning of traditional Western models of thought, of the ways in which these privilege masculine ways of being

their armies and built centrally administered states along the lines of Western models. In the Ottoman Empire, the first such changes in the legal sphere involved

introduced only in Tokyo in the late 1860s, small schools utilizing Western models were being opened by the late 1880s. In response to disaster relief

pioneering role in the development of the modern education system in India. Western models of education came to India through Kolkata. Many of the first schools

economic development (either in terms of human development or traditional western models) for any given group of people. Psychological anthropology is an interdisciplinary

the East German models were not for sale to private parties, and most Western models were completely unavailable. Thus, this move by Commodore was the first

Uganda and Tanzania, on various occasions. Disenchanted with both the western models of development, namely, Capitalism and Socialism, he propounded a ‘Third

the West and Japan. The decision to stay within old forms or welcome Western models was now a conscious choice. Classically trained Confucian scholars such

performance of the older export variants of T-72s against top-of-the-line Western models. North Korea decided to significantly modernize its tank fleet to bridge

Friedrich Casimir founded splendid court life according to the best Western models. In 1688 Sophie Amalie died. In 1691 Frederick Casimir celebrated a

mass rallies. The programme of Tōhōkai was not a complete copy of the Western models, however, as the group was also driven by a deep-seated admiration for

Marin), approved the July Theses, expressing Ceaușescu's disdain of Western models as a whole, and the reevaluation of the recent liberalisation as bourgeois

opposed to as they constitute a violation of human rights. In contrast to Western models of aid including the OECD model, China does not condition aid on political

after the Cold War due to the post-colonial collapse of confidence in Western models of nationalism and the rise of globalization. Juergensmeyer categorizes

authorized platform for nonconformist musical forms similar to the Western models. The 1972 edition was a turning point for the contest, in which dictator

primarily interested in Islamic practice, less interested in "modernity or Western models of politics or economics", and less willing to associate with non-Muslims

(dating back to the 15th century) was radically modernised based on Western models. From 1896 to 1899, Prince Naris—who was both a general of the army

however, between those who felt strongly that, instead of applying Western models, social scientists should develop culturally and historically contextualized

Boxers drew condemnation from those who wanted to modernise China on Western models of civilisation. Sun Yat-sen, the founding father of the Republic of

throughout many different academic fields and policy strategies to use Western models of societies as a framework for the rest of the world. This critique

other airlines or retired (a number were preserved), replaced with Western models such as the Boeing 737, Airbus A310 and Airbus A320. ČSA became a full

however, between those who felt strongly that, instead of applying Western models, social scientists should develop culturally and historically contextualized

abolition of the Caliphate, but also the adoption of civil codes based on Western models, the closure of religious orders, the ban on polygamy, and the new obligatory

examination system and established a modern schooling system based on Western models. In 1922 China adopted the American model, and this dominated the Chinese

June 1999). "Jobs for Life and Seniority Traditions Are Dropped for Western Models : Rules Change as Japan Inc. Downsizes". New York Times. Retrieved 30

Ottomans. Both sides introduced new tactics, units and equipment based on Western models, but the Polish–Lithuanian forces proved more adept with these innovations

Model Airplane Tough Jets [18] Twisted Hobbys Veyron Models Warplanes Western Models Williamshaven Wooden Scale Models (Philippines) List of scale model

not historically prosecuted homosexuality, criminalized it based on Western models in the nineteenth century. During the French Revolution in 1791, the

age. Therefore, Chinese proponents of modernization have looked to western models. According to Thompson, the late Qing dynasty reformer, Kang Youwei

(18 February 2014). "Race and Masculinity: A Comparison of Asian and Western Models in Men's Lifestyle Magazine Advertisements". Journalism & Mass Communication

spectators. The script combines the appropriation and dis-appropriation of Western models and is usually organic, more improvisational and self-reflexive. In

medicine training. In developing countries, there is an awareness that Western models may not be applicable and may not be the best use of limited health

lose family labor. The Conscription Ordinance itself was inspired by western models, and the text of the ordinance directly translated a flowery French

Integrating several Soviet-made combat jets with air forces using modern Western models (F-15s, F-16s, F/A-18s, Tornadoes, Typhoons) during an active military

the need to disrupt the status quo in how power operates. Traditional Western models of family therapy have historically ignored these dimensions and when

Civic Engagement interventions can be successfully implemented yet Western models should be adapted in order to better fit with local cultures and values

several attempts to re-model the traditional Iranian military based on western models. These were met with limited success at the time. "In 1918 the Qajar

sophisticated and flexible form of game theory than the traditional western models of strategic choice. His book, Genetics of Altruism (1980) uses mathematical

This model of early human development encourages dependency, unlike Western models that value autonomy and independence. By being attentive and not forcing

Empire in 1721. Peter re-organized his government based on the latest Western models, molding Russia into an absolutist state. He replaced the old boyar

Egyptian nation. They were committed to Parliamentary democratic forms on western models, but wanted to save the existing capitalist structures which they anticipated

European, literatures. Such inspirations did not mean blindly copying Western models but, rather, adapting aspects of Western literature and changing them

Psychological processes of the East have historically been analysed using Western models (or instruments) that have been translated, which potentially, is a

Faiz's writings are comparatively new verse form in Urdu poetry based on Western models. Faiz was influenced by the works of Allama Iqbal and Mirza Ghalib,

become "bogged down" in clinical trials, also saying, "We cannot use Western models of protocols for research and development". In September 2008, Tshabalala-Msimang

the Yak-42 not as advanced in its build and materials as contemporary Western models, heavier and less fuel-efficient, but still a "reliable vehicle" with

non-traditional and are local-talent variety show, which is largely come from Western models in TV and radio. Moreover, the temple art also changed from woody delicate

system was abolished in the early 20th century by reformers who admired Western models of modernization. The main goal was conversions, but they made relatively

Classic released in 2018. The game is included in both the Japanese and western models of the unit in their respective versions. Released on June 25, 1999

marked the abandonment of Komnenian structures under the influence of western models. The system that began in 1367 was constructed around the stavraton

are to be discontinued to align degree education with how it is in Western models. A Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) will be set up to regulate

Shandong Problem. From this point the ROC leadership moves away from Western models and towards the Soviet Union. November 1921 – February 1922. At the

controversial theatre performances that were based to a large extent on Western models. In 1969 he created a series of dramas without any dialog where actors

ethnocentric (in this case Eurocentric), universalist, and based on western models of industrialization that are unsustainable in this world of limited

thought of as espousing modernising ideals for their country, based on Western models. The people of Shitamachi, on the other hand, came to be seen as representatives

infrastructure, transportation, and government. These reforms were based on Western models and even included aspects of democracy, which are often associated with

(1819–1870) were responsible for many works on Malayalam language based on western models. Perhaps the most important of these missionaries was Herman Gundert

and comfortably padded seats. They often had window openings, but the western models designed for the rougher conditions had no glass panels. The roof was

labourers in the cafeteria. Although he advocated the emulation of Western models to improve overall productivity and worker relations, Hoveyda was very

winter from 1983, and although containing similar errors as earlier Western models, it was the first 3-D model of nuclear winter. (The three dimensions

Pan went on to say that China's rapid GDP growth was copied off of western models and as a result, the environmental issues that occurred in Europe during

Roumen Daskalov, "'Forms without Substance': Debates on the Transfer of Western Models to the Balkans", in Roumen Daskalov, Diana Mishkova (eds.), Entangled

out, " it was the introduction of Western ideas and the imitation of Western models that led this group of intellectuals to adopt a more appreciative attitude

military academies, which led to the Pakistan army developing along Western models, especially following the British. After Dominion status ended in 1956

Yiduo (1899–1946), poet and scholar, author of poetry influenced by Western models, wrote poetry collections Hongzhu (紅燭, "Red Candle") and Sishui (死水

MND and ROKAF: Purple Unit and specialty colours follow a mix of the Western models with influences from the Western model, sharing since the 1990s a common

strains of thought, Delp's "personal socialism". The group rejected Western models, but wanted to include the churches. In Die dritte Idee (The Third Idea)

prioritize other needs such as military budget and debt servicing. Western models and standards still continue to dominate African education. Because

contact with several modeling agencies that happened to specifically seek Western models. She started doing modeling jobs in 2011. After doing numerous small

"indicate a tendency toward war fighting ... rather than the more modish Western models of deterrence through mutual vulnerability." Team B's efforts not only

and challenges the assumption that Indian feminism is derivative of Western models. Critical of the identifying Indian culture as unified and homogeneous

latter period of the Byzantine Empire, Byzantine ships were based on Western models: the term katergon is used indiscriminately for both Byzantine and Latin

and the Holy Spirit distinctly, and although far more familiar from Western models, is actually of Greek origin. Christ may be shown either as an adult

emergency care models, there is also an acknowledgement that current Western models may be inadequate in the context of developing nations. For instance

incorporation of Confucian influences, and criticised the "blind adoption of Western models to China's modernization". Xiao continues to support eventual democratisation

criminal laws into their penal codes, which were otherwise based on Western models. In some countries only hudud penalties were added, while others also

exhibition layouts. "Comment | Why Africa's future museums should forget Western models". www.theartnewspaper.com. Retrieved 2020-02-13. "An Unattainable Consensus

conservative critique of Romanian modernization through the imitation of Western models had failed its public when it came to offering an alternative: Ornea's

identity. Despite the differences between her Islamic upbringing and Western models of behavior, Amer's work addresses universal problems, such as the oppression

then escaped back to Egypt with no help or reinforcements. Unlike some western models, i.e. Ian Fleming's Bond, Adham Sabry is a model of a man with religious

argues that the novel brings to the fore its own distance from imposed Western models on the marriage issue. Aidoo, Ama Ata. Changes: a Love Story. New York:

Mesoamerican people, and considering that the Goddess is from Teotihuacan, Western models of gender binary should not be imposed upon non-Western figures. Additionally

limosines and hearses. Where many revered white models makers like Western Models, Durham Classics and Elegance Models have come and gone, Brooklin, one

auto industry, most of the new automotive development was based on Western models, imported in small numbers: while outright copying was prohibited, most

victim of the West's "toxins" or disease. The adoption and imitation of Western models and Western criteria in education, the arts, and culture led to the

avid reader of French literature in the original, the influence of his Western models on NHH comes out most clearly in the transformations of traditional

expansion. The urban development in the Ottoman capital, influenced by Western models, led to the closure of the Grand Champs des Morts – Istanbul's `City

victim of the West's "toxins" or disease. The adoption and imitation of Western models and Western criteria in education, the arts, and culture led to the

Gierek's rule, which was regarded as a time of modernisation based on Western models. The intransigent critics of the communist period, located in the Law

and wrote about Iran that it shows "a growing tendency to break with Western models and a determination to return to their own laws, culture and civilisation"

Thus, starting from 1991 the curriculum was developed according to Western models, and after 2000 there were efforts to transition the degrees offered

Civil Society in Hungary Brighton: 1990; Civil society: challenging western models (ed. With Elizabeth Dunn) London: 1996. The skeleton at the feast Canterbury

development of African democracies should not be brought about by reproducing Western models; instead Africa should reinvent itself through a synthesis of traditional

movement asks to critique the ideologies of traditional white, classist, western models of psychology practices from an intersectional approach and how these

with knowledge and skills and rising public awareness of modern or western models. Major cities have hospitals specializing in different fields and are

expressed by Delp's notion of "personal socialism". The group rejected Western models, but wanted to "associate conservative and socialist values, aristocracy

Philippines is probably the most unfettered in the region and replicates the western models of a free press[.] (Coronel) Nowadays, the Philippines boasts a rowdy

remain in service in various roles and are being replaced by modern western models due to lack of spare parts. Astra Trucks Medium utility vehicle, cab

of individual rights and freedom he therefore remained very close to western models. However, he also brought forth the dangers of forced westernization

in a dynamic world. At that time, Islamic law was being replaced by Western models of legal systems after the breakup of the Ottoman Empire and creation

undergo training abroad, and the brigade itself must be equipped with Western models of military equipment. As of 2023 the brigade's structure is as follows:

Retrieved 21 August 2021. "Twin Silo Cement Wagon (Prestwin)". North Western Models. Retrieved 21 August 2021. "Lima British HO Wagons - Part 2". Lima HO

civil service and restructuring the state's income structure following Western models. By establishing an effective, impersonal civil service for the sake

Philippine experience has proven that approaching psychology using Western models cannot incorporate the intricacies of Asian cultures.: 50  In addition

Youwei attempted institutional and educational reforms according to Western models but with explicit reference to the Confucian tradition, in fact by claiming

his constitution remained unique from both the Ōmei Society's and Western models. Takusaburō's 1881 constitution envisioned a two house legislature,

Romanian science fiction, but it is also "negligent" and "inferior" to its Western models, from Edgar Allan Poe to Jules Verne. The unique element, Popescu suggests

by Alfred Delp's notion of "personal socialism". The group rejected Western models, but wanted to "associate conservative and socialist values, aristocracy

determining effects of objects of culture. He may say that he is using Western models and Western methods from an Oriental approach, in order to try and solve

media education had just been content with the teaching and aping the Western models of communication and media theories. The paper of Murthy (2012) published

spark for detonation. Romania was prepared to receive symbolism, with Western models playing the role of promoter. An important role for Sămănătorism aesthetics

organizations—which, unlike earlier reforms based on borrowing from western models, were strongly shaped by the emerging ideology of Japanese nationalism

occupation of Upper Burma. Japan after 1860 modernized its military after Western models and was far stronger than China. The war, fought in 1894 and 1895, was

pioneering role in the development of the modern education system in India. Western models of education came to India through this city. Many of the first schools

victim of the West's "toxins" or disease. The adoption and imitation of Western models and Western criteria in education, the arts, and culture led to the

developed by Japanese OTs, it has a more collectivistic focus than many Western models. In part, this means the model embraces "interdependence within the

victim of the West's "toxins" or disease. The adoption and imitation of Western models and Western criteria in education, the arts, and culture led to the