Find link

language: af: Afrikaans als: Alemannisch [Alemannic] am: አማርኛ [Amharic] an: aragonés [Aragonese] ar: العربية [Arabic] arz: مصرى [Egyptian Arabic] as: অসমীয়া [Assamese] ast: asturianu [Asturian] az: azərbaycanca [Azerbaijani] azb: تۆرکجه [Southern Azerbaijani] ba: башҡортса [Bashkir] bar: Boarisch [Bavarian] bat-smg: žemaitėška [Samogitian] be: беларуская [Belarusian] be-tarask: беларуская (тарашкевіца) [Belarusian (Taraškievica)] bg: български [Bulgarian] bn: বাংলা [Bengali] bpy: বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী [Bishnupriya Manipuri] br: brezhoneg [Breton] bs: bosanski [Bosnian] bug: ᨅᨔ ᨕᨘᨁᨗ [Buginese] ca: català [Catalan] ce: нохчийн [Chechen] ceb: Cebuano ckb: کوردیی ناوەندی [Kurdish (Sorani)] cs: čeština [Czech] cv: Чӑвашла [Chuvash] cy: Cymraeg [Welsh] da: dansk [Danish] de: Deutsch [German] el: Ελληνικά [Greek] en: English eo: Esperanto es: español [Spanish] et: eesti [Estonian] eu: euskara [Basque] fa: فارسی [Persian] fi: suomi [Finnish] fo: føroyskt [Faroese] fr: français [French] fy: Frysk [West Frisian] ga: Gaeilge [Irish] gd: Gàidhlig [Scottish Gaelic] gl: galego [Galician] gu: ગુજરાતી [Gujarati] he: עברית [Hebrew] hi: हिन्दी [Hindi] hr: hrvatski [Croatian] hsb: hornjoserbsce [Upper Sorbian] ht: Kreyòl ayisyen [Haitian] hu: magyar [Hungarian] hy: Հայերեն [Armenian] ia: interlingua [Interlingua] id: Bahasa Indonesia [Indonesian] io: Ido is: íslenska [Icelandic] it: italiano [Italian] ja: 日本語 [Japanese] jv: Basa Jawa [Javanese] ka: ქართული [Georgian] kk: қазақша [Kazakh] kn: ಕನ್ನಡ [Kannada] ko: 한국어 [Korean] ku: Kurdî [Kurdish (Kurmanji)] ky: Кыргызча [Kirghiz] la: Latina [Latin] lb: Lëtzebuergesch [Luxembourgish] li: Limburgs [Limburgish] lmo: lumbaart [Lombard] lt: lietuvių [Lithuanian] lv: latviešu [Latvian] map-bms: Basa Banyumasan [Banyumasan] mg: Malagasy min: Baso Minangkabau [Minangkabau] mk: македонски [Macedonian] ml: മലയാളം [Malayalam] mn: монгол [Mongolian] mr: मराठी [Marathi] mrj: кырык мары [Hill Mari] ms: Bahasa Melayu [Malay] my: မြန်မာဘာသာ [Burmese] mzn: مازِرونی [Mazandarani] nah: Nāhuatl [Nahuatl] nap: Napulitano [Neapolitan] nds: Plattdüütsch [Low Saxon] ne: नेपाली [Nepali] new: नेपाल भाषा [Newar] nl: Nederlands [Dutch] nn: norsk nynorsk [Norwegian (Nynorsk)] no: norsk bokmål [Norwegian (Bokmål)] oc: occitan [Occitan] or: ଓଡ଼ିଆ [Oriya] os: Ирон [Ossetian] pa: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ [Eastern Punjabi] pl: polski [Polish] pms: Piemontèis [Piedmontese] pnb: پنجابی [Western Punjabi] pt: português [Portuguese] qu: Runa Simi [Quechua] ro: română [Romanian] ru: русский [Russian] sa: संस्कृतम् [Sanskrit] sah: саха тыла [Sakha] scn: sicilianu [Sicilian] sco: Scots sh: srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски [Serbo-Croatian] si: සිංහල [Sinhalese] simple: Simple English sk: slovenčina [Slovak] sl: slovenščina [Slovenian] sq: shqip [Albanian] sr: српски / srpski [Serbian] su: Basa Sunda [Sundanese] sv: svenska [Swedish] sw: Kiswahili [Swahili] ta: தமிழ் [Tamil] te: తెలుగు [Telugu] tg: тоҷикӣ [Tajik] th: ไทย [Thai] tl: Tagalog tr: Türkçe [Turkish] tt: татарча/tatarça [Tatar] uk: українська [Ukrainian] ur: اردو [Urdu] uz: oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча [Uzbek] vec: vèneto [Venetian] vi: Tiếng Việt [Vietnamese] vo: Volapük wa: walon [Walloon] war: Winaray [Waray] yi: ייִדיש [Yiddish] yo: Yorùbá [Yoruba] zh: 中文 [Chinese] zh-min-nan: Bân-lâm-gú [Min Nan] zh-yue: 粵語 [Cantonese]

jump to random article

Longer titles found: Crusader states (disambiguation) (view), Military history of the Crusader states (view), List of Crusader states (view)

searching for Crusader states 216 found (1053 total)

alternate case: crusader states

Duchy (1,170 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article

A duchy, also called a dukedom, is a medieval country, territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess, a ruler hierarchically second to the king

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

launched a number of minor Crusading expeditions to reinforce the Crusader states, including the abortive Crusade of Louis IX of France to Tunis in 1270

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Boydell Press. ISBN 978-0-85115-661-3. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Bianca, Stefano (2007)

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Perspective. Global Academic Publishing. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. Gilbert of Mons (2005). Chronicle of Hainaut

Charlotte (28 June 1444 – 16 July 1487) was the Queen of Cyprus from 1458 until 1464. She was the eldest and only surviving daughter of King John II of

that the indirect entrance was less widespread in Europe than in the Crusader states because transport in Europe tended to be based on carts pulled by draft

"Montferrand". orient-latin.com (in French). Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Lewis, Kevin James

to 1307, although she lived in exile and only held authority over Crusader States in Greece. In 1301, she became the second wife of Charles of Valois

"Mongol Raids into Palestine" Andrew Jotischky (2004). Crusading and the crusader states, p.249. Pearson Education. ISBN 0-582-41851-8. Helen Nicholson (2001)

Yolanda (French: Yolande de Hainault; 1175 – August 1219), often called Yolanda of Flanders, was Empress of the Latin Empire in Constantinople, first as

The Balamand Monastery (historically called Belmont, Bellimontis ultra Mare, or Bellus-Mons), is a monastery for the Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch founded

emperors, particularly John and Manuel, exerted great influence over the Crusader states of Outremer, whilst Alexios I played a key role in the course of the

Apamea (Greek: Ἀπάμεια, Apameia; Arabic: آفاميا, Afamia), on the right bank of the Orontes River, was an ancient Greek and Roman city. It was the capital

Press. pp. 590–621. ISBN 0-299-04844-6. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Dunbabin, Jean (2000)

The Latin Archbishopric of Corinth is a titular see of the Latin Church. It dates to 1210, when a Catholic archbishop was installed on the Orthodox Metropolis

Hodierna of Jerusalem (c. 1110 – c. 1164) was a countess consort of Tripoli through her marriage to Raymond II of Tripoli, and regent of the County of

War of the Lombards Map of the Crusader states, 1240 Belligerents Holy Roman Empire Pro-Imperial faction in the Kingdom of Jerusalem Tyre Jerusalem Principality

Alice of Majorca (1341 – after 1376)[citation needed] was a Cypriot noblewoman, the great-granddaughter of King James II of Majorca and granddaughter of

Plaisance of Antioch (1235/1236 or ca. 1235 – September 27/22, 1261) was Queen of Cyprus by marriage to King Henry I. She served as regent of the kingdoms

The Latin Archbishopric of Thebes is the see of Thebes in the period in which its incumbents belonged to the Latin or Western Church. This period began

The Diocese or Bishopric of Amyclae is a defunct Latin and Orthodox episcopal see and suppressed Latin Catholic titular bishopric in the Peloponnese, in

The Archbishop of Nazareth is a former residential Metropolitan see, first in the Holy Land, then in Apulian exile in Barletta (southern Italy), which

The Diocese of Modon or Medone (Latin: Dioecesis Mothonensis) was a "Latin" (Roman Catholic) diocese located in the town of Modon in Messenia in the Peloponnese

Isabella of Cyprus (died in 1264) was a Cypriotic princess. She was the regent of Kingdom of Jerusalem on behalf of her nephew King Hugh II in 1263-1264

Press, 2005) p360. Hamilton, Bernard (2016). The Latin Church in the Crusader States. Routledge. p. 11. ISBN 9780860780724. Lock, Peter (2006). The Routledge

the sultan against all enemies, including Christian ones. The other Crusader states––Principality of Antioch and County of Tripoli––would receive no support

The Latin or Roman Catholic Archbishopric of Neopatras is a titular see of the Catholic Church. It was established briefly as a residential episcopal see

The Diocese of Cephalonia and Zakynthos (Latin: Dioecesis Cephaloniensis et Zacynthiensis, Italian: Cefalonia e Zante) was Roman Catholic diocese located

Helie of Burgundy (c. 1080 – 28 February 1141) was the daughter of Odo I, Duke of Burgundy and Sibylla of Burgundy, Duchess of Burgundy. In June 1095,

much-intermarried noble French family which had featured prominently in the Crusader states of Jerusalem and Cyprus since the 12th century. Alix lost her father

(2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Hamilton, Bernard (2016). The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular

This is a list of queens of Jerusalem, from 1099 to 1291. Throughout 200 years of its existence, the Kingdom of Jerusalem had one protector, 18 kings (including

Stephanie of Milly (born c. 1145/1155 – c. 1197) was the lady of Oultrejordain in 1169–1197 and an influential figure in the Kingdom of Jerusalem. She

Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the

the Seljuk Sultan Muhammad I in Baghdad ordered invasions of the Crusader states for six successive years. "In 1110, 1112, and 1114 the city of Edessa

Sibylla of Lusignan (or Sibylle de Lusignan) (October/November 1198 – c. 1230 or 1252) was a queen consort of Armenia. She was the daughter of King Aimery

Leonardo II Tocco (1375/76 – 1418/19) was a scion of the Tocco family and lord of Zakynthos, who played an important role as a military leader for his

Cisterciensia. 43: 11–91. Hamilton, Bernard (2016). The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church. Routledge. ISBN 9780860780724. Lock, Peter (2006)

The Latin Bishopric of Salona was a Roman Catholic diocese centred on Amfissa (medieval Salona), in Central Greece, during the period of Frankish rule

The Lordship of Ramla was one of the Crusader vassal states of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. It has been vassal to and part of the County of Jaffa and

The bishop of Acre was a suffragan bishop of the archbishop of Tyre in the medieval Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Acre is present-day Akko, Israel. The introduction

Melisende (born before 1177 – died after 1215) was the hereditary Lady of Arsuf from 1177 and the second wife of the powerful nobleman John, Old Lord of

pp. 250, 271. Runciman 1989b, p. 226. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Lewis, Kevin James

Eschive d'Ibelin (1253–1312) was suo jure Lady of Beirut in 1282–1312. She was the daughter of John II of Beirut (died 1264), lord of Beirut, and of Alice

Eschiva of Ibelin (1160–1196) was a queen consort of Cyprus. She was the daughter of Baldwin of Ibelin (died 1187), Lord of Ramla, and his wife Richilde

Bernard; Jotischky, Andrew (2020). Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States. Cambridge University Press. Hatzaki, Myrto (2009). Beauty and the

1307–1346, although she lived in exile and only had authority over Crusader States in Greece. She was Queen consort of Albania. As well as Princess consort

Helvis of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (1353 – 15 January 1421) was the queen consort of Cyprus and titular queen consort of Armenia as the wife of King James

Tripoli, hindering the movements of Bohemond's troops between the two Crusader states. Shortly after Bohemond seized Antioch, Leo laid siege to it to press

The See or Diocese of Bethlehem was a diocese in the Roman Catholic Church during the Crusades and is now a titular see. It was associated with the Roman

Jerusalem, the political situation was somewhat tense; the northern crusader states of Tripoli, Antioch, and Edessa increasingly asserted their independence

Melisende of Cyprus (1200 Holy Land- after 1249), was the youngest daughter of Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem by her fourth and last marriage to King Aimery

the Byzantine Empire; he lived in exile and only held authority over Crusader States in Greece. He was born in Constantinople, the son of Baldwin II of

This is a list of the principal leaders of the Crusades, classified by Crusade. Amalric I of Jerusalem Philip of Milly Hugh of Ibelin Miles of Plancy Frederick

Isabella of Ibelin (1241–1324) was queen of Cyprus and Jerusalem by marriage to Hugh III of Cyprus. Isabella was the daughter of Guy of Ibelin, marshal

Helvis of Ibelin (after 1178 – before 1 June 1216) was a daughter of Balian of Ibelin and his wife, Maria Komnene, who was the dowager Queen of Jerusalem

community of Augustinian canons. It was one of only five cathedrals in the Crusader states whose canons were not secular, the other being Jerusalem, Bethlehem

Matilda of Hainaut (French: Mathilde de Hainaut; November 1293 – 1331), also known as Maud and Mahaut, was Princess of Achaea from 1316 to 1321. She was

The Fortress of Kaysun (Turkish: Keysun Kalesi) is located near the village of Çakırhüyük, which used to be named Keysun, in the Adıyaman Province of rural

Hamilton 1980, p. 240. Hamilton, Bernard (1980). The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church. Ashgate. Stratham, Edward Phillips (1917). History

Alice de la Roche (died 1282) was a Latin noblewoman who ruled the Lordship of Beirut in the Kingdom of Jerusalem as regent and was a claimant to the Duchy

to 1307, although he ruled from exile and only had authority over Crusader States in Greece. As the grandson of King Louis IX of France, Charles of Valois

archers and light cavalry employed by the Byzantine Empire and the Crusader states Turkey (disambiguation) Turkish (disambiguation) Turk's Head (disambiguation)

of Hamadan, he participated in the military campaigns against the crusader states from the 1110s. The Artuqid ruler of Mardin Ilghazi defeated the supreme

regions as far afield as Norway, Hungary, and Sicily as well as the crusader states. It continues to be mined for its coverage of the Mongol invasions

ceased to be a threat to the Crusader states until the rise of Saladin in 1169. The next major action in the Crusader states would be the Battle of Azaz

Nestorian Christian priest-king of India, who was intending to help the Crusader States against the Saracens. Otto included the story in his Chronicon of 1145;

Alphonse Picard. Hamilton, Bernard (1980). The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church. Ashgate. Runciman, Steven (1954). A History of

1973, pp. 24–25. Hamilton 2000, p. 24. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Buck, Andrew D. (2017)

ISBN 978-0-415-82494-1. Jotischky, Andrew (2017). Crusading and the Crusader States. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-138-80806-5. Maalouf, Amin (1984). The Crusades

Philippa of Champagne (French: Philippe de Champagne) (c. 1197 – 20 December 1250) was the third daughter of Queen Isabella I of Jerusalem and Count Henry

Byzantine Empire and the establishment of the Latin Empire and other Crusader states in Greece. Meanwhile, a Crusader force of between 500 and 700 knights

Maria Sanudo (died 1426) was lady of the island of Andros in the Duchy of the Archipelago in 1372–1383, and lady of the island of Paros and of one third

Mary of Lusignan (French: Marie de Lusignan; before March 1215 – 5 July 1251 or 1253), was the wife of Count Walter IV of Brienne and Countess of Brienne

district in ancient Phoenicia County of Tripoli, one of the medieval Crusader states centered in Tripoli, Lebanon Eyalet of Tripoli, a province of the Ottoman

Berthold II von Katzenelnbogen (fl. 1199–1217) was a German nobleman of the family of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen and a participant in the Fourth Crusade

Anthony le Flamenc (French: Antoine le Flamenc, Italian: Antonio Fiammengo, Latin: Antonius Flamengo, Greek: Αντώνιος Λε Φλαμά; fl. 1303–13) was an early

The House of Granier (or Grenier ) was a prominent noble family during the Crusades founded at the beginning of the 12th century by Eustachius Granarius

of Wisconsin Press), 450–52. Mary Nickerson Hardwicke (1969), "The Crusader States, 1192–1243," Later Crusades, 1189–1311, R. L. Wolff and H. W. Hazard

within his diocese at that time. Although the Latin church in the Crusader states always claimed authority over the Orthodox church, it did not always

Filipinos Overseas Filipino Worker Overseas Vietnamese Outremer or Crusader states, four Roman Catholic polities Overseas collectivity, an administrative

(2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Hamilton, Bernard (2016). The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular

Ciggaar, Krijna Nelly; Teule, Herman G. B. (eds.). East and West in the Crusader States: Context, Contacts, Confrontations II : Acta of the Congress Held at

Angelo I Gozzadini (died between 1468 and 1476) was Lord of Kythnos. He married in 1429 Caterina Crispo (born 1415, date of death unknown), daughter of

Elizabeth of Courtenay French: Elisabeth de Courtenay) (c. 1199–1269 or later) was an Empress consort of Bulgaria, the daughter of Peter II of Courtenay

The Diocese of Emmaus is an ancient and titular diocese of the Roman Catholic Church, located in Emmaus/Nicopolis, Israel, (modern Imwas). The current

years. By 1162, with Antioch under nominal Byzantine control and the crusader states further south powerless to make any further attacks on Syria, Nur ad-Din

Francesca Morosini (fl. 1454), was a Duchess consort of Naxos by marriage to John II Crispo. She served as guardian of her son Giacomo II Crispo from 1433

Stephen du Perche (died 14/17 April 1205) was a French nobleman and crusader. He was a partisan of the Plantagenets in their conflict with the French crown

Crusading and the Crusader States, c. 1060–1198. Routledge. ISBN 978-1000764628. Lilie, Ralph-Johannes (1993). Byzantium and the Crusader States, 1096–1204.

negotiations with Nur al-Din concerning a unified jihad against the Crusader States. The Crusaders in the Kingdom of Jerusalem were not unaware of the

Petronilla Bembo (fl. 1463), was a Duchess consort of Naxos by marriage to Francesco II Crispo. She served as regent of Naxos during the minority of her

Officers of the Kingdom of Jerusalem Haute Cour of Jerusalem Assizes of Jerusalem A 1911 map showing the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the other Crusader states.

John of Antioch, also known as Harent of Antioch, was a 13th-century Old French writer of Outremer who made important translations from Latin. He translated

the Argolid in southern Greece, formed with the establishment of the Crusader States, and suffragan to the Latin Archbishop of Corinth. For part of its

Lock 2006, p. 31. Runciman 1989, p. 116. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Jidejian, Nina (1973)

History II, p. 312 Jotischky, 264 Jotischky, Andrew. Crusading and the Crusader States. (Edinburgh Gate, Pearson Education Limited, 2004), 93. Hindley 48

(2012), The Crusader States, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, p. 179. Bernard Hamilton (1980), The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular

Thaddeus of Naples (fl. 1291) was an Italian author who wrote the History of the Desolation and Treading Down of the City of Acre and of the Whole Holy

Januli I da Corogna was the first autonomous lord of the Aegean island of Sifnos. As his name reveals, Januli da Corogna probably hailed from Coruña, and

Richard (1985), "The Political and Ecclesiastical Organization of the Crusader States", in Norman P. Zacour; Harry W. Hazard (eds.), A History of the Crusades

sunset of the Crusader states, p. 45. ISBN 978-1-84176-862-5. David Nicolle (2005). Osprey: Acre 1291 - Bloody sunset of the Crusader states, p. 46. ISBN 978-1-84176-862-5

Simon Mansel (between 1205 and 1220 – after 1268) was a Constable of Antioch. He belonged to the important Frankish Mansel family from Antioch. He was

Robert Mansel (c. 1175 – after March 1219) was Constable of Antioch (1207–1219). Robert Mansel belonged to the important Frankish Mansel family from Antioch

(Boydell & Brewer, 2017), pp. 107–108 & 125. Bernard Hamilton, The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church (Ashgate, 1980), pp. 118 & 409.

Crusade against the Hussites. Volume IV. The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States (1979). Edited by Harry W. Hazard. Life in Palestine and Syria. Pilgrimages

Geoffrey the Monk was the count of Marash in the Principality of Antioch (now Kahramanmaraş, Turkey) from around 1114 to 1124. The first reference to Geoffrey

by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. The Latin Empire was aided by other Crusader states established on Byzantine territory after the Fourth Crusade, as well

large corpus of texts concerning the history of the Crusades and the Crusader states. Many of the texts have not been translated into English before. 1

William of Botron (died after 1262) was Lord of Botron (1244–1262) in the County of Tripoli, and Constable of Jerusalem (1258–1262). William of Botron

crusader states and was ruled by the Latin Christian Lusignan dynasty for its last 34 years, survived until 1375. Other echoes of the crusader states

Hamilton 2000, p. 106. Pringle 1998, p. 30. Barber, M. (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. Hamilton, Bernard (2000). The Leper King and

ISBN 9789042909762. Hamilton, Bernard (2016-12-05). The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church. Routledge. ISBN 9781351887052. Saunders, William

had extremely high maintenance costs due to the heat in Outremer (Crusader states at the Eastern Mediterranean), and had high mortality rates due to

in Acre, a thriving commercial port and the final stronghold of the Crusader states before falling to a Malmuk siege in 1291. Later travels took him to

co-existence between followers of the three religions prevailed. The Crusader states inherited many slaves. To this may have been added some Muslims taken

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Frankish castles that predate Kerak were merely towers built along the crusader states during the early years of crusading. In the second half of the twelfth

vol. 1 (1893), pp. 22–23. Bernard Hamilton, The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church (London: Variorum, 1980), p. 262. Hamilton, pp

A noble house is an aristocratic family or kinship group, either currently or historically of national or international significance[clarification needed]

ISBN 0-299-04834-9. Hamilton, Bernard (2016). The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church. Routledge. ISBN 9780860780724. Runciman, Steven

Page 185 [1] The Tragedy of the Templars: The Rise and Fall of the Crusader States By Michael Haag Chapter 3 Palestine under the Umayyads and the Arab

civil wars on the Estonian part of Medieval Livonia, between different crusader states: 1233, Livonian Order's reconquest of Tallinn (Reval) from papal legate

Switzerland Qal'at Ibn Maan, 17th-century, Galilee, Israel Castles from the Crusader states in the Middle East Cave de Sueth (Cave de Suète) or Habis Jaldak, Yarmouk

Kaysun. Baldwin’s fiefdom was in the northern border region of the Crusader states where the population was largely Armenian Christians. In 1135, Leo

pg. 7. Jacobs, pg. 11. Bernard Hamilton, The Latin Church in the Crusader States (Cambridge University Press, 1980), pg. 256. Hamilton, pg. 258. Hamilton

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Der. The Kingdom of Cilician Armenia. Nickerson Hardwicke, Mary. The Crusader States, 1192–1243. Edwards, Robert W. The Fortifications of Armenian Cilicia:

and Armour of the Crusading Era, 1050-1350: Western Europe and the Crusader States, Greenhill Books, ISBN 1-85367-347-1 (2000) Crecy, 1346: Triumph of

Hebron where they committed many massacres." In The Crusaders and the Crusader States, Andrew Jotischky used Schein's 1979 article and later 1991 book to

Edessa against the crusader County of Edessa, one of the four original crusader states established after the First Crusade, and captured it on December 24

London, 1962, p. 94. Hamilton, Bernard (1980). The Latin Church in the Crusader States. Variorum Publications. p. 12. Portals: Christianity Fatimid Caliphate

Volume IV. The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States. Military Architecture in the Crusader States in Palestine and Syria (1979). In the Wisconsin

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

creuset de culture chrétiene (Xe-XIIIe siècle)." In East and West in the Crusader states. Context – Contacts – Confrontations. Acta of the congress held at

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Jotischky, Andrew (22 October 2020). Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-83638-8. Retrieved 21 February

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Jean Richard, "The Political and Ecclesiastical Organization of the Crusader States", A History of the Crusades, V: The Impact of the Crusades on the Near

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Bernard; Jotischky, Andrew (2020). Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521836388. Glynias, Joe (2020)

as Acre was in Christian hands. In 1283 it was still a part of the Crusader states, as it was mentioned as part of their domain in the hudna between the

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

King Louis VII of France, in which he described the events in the Crusader States: "[Shirkuh] having gotten possession of Damascus, the latter entered

surrounding area. In retaliation, Sultan Saladin attacked the Frankish crusader states. Between 1136 and 1142 four strong castles (at Castrum Arnaldi, Beth

(E.J. Brill, 1976), 107. Barber, Malcolm (2012). "Chapter 6". The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-18931-5. El-Azhari, Taef. Queens

Dualist Heretics in Languedoc in the High Middle Ages. Longman, 2000 The Crusader States. Yale University Press, 2012 The Military Orders. Fighting for the

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

doi:10.1484/J.NMS.3.115. Jotischky, Andrew (2013). Crusading and the Crusader States. Routledge. Luscombe, David; Riley-Smith, Jonathan (2004). The New

Michael (2012). The Tragedy of the Templars: The Rise and Fall of the Crusader States. Suffolk: Profile. pp. 241. ISBN 9781847658548. 1293 Al-Ashraf Khalil

Runciman 1989b, p. 129. Morton 2020, p. 82. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Fink, Harold S. (1969)

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

early 12th century), Armenian leader who interacted with the early Crusader states Thoros I of Armenia (ruling 1102–1129) Thoros II of Armenia (ruling

Press. ISBN 0-19-927968-3. Jotischky, Andrew (2014). Crusading and the Crusader States. Routledge. ISBN 9781317876021. Madgearu, Alexandru (2013). Byzantine

ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0. David Nicolle (2005). Osprey: Acre 1291. Bloody sunset of the Crusader States, p. 13. ISBN 978-1-84176-862-5. "Mathematical Treasure: The Alfonsine

Holy Land at the head of the combined forces of the empire and the Crusader states; yet despite his great vigour pressing the campaign, his hopes were

2012-03-21. Ciggaar, Krijnie; Teule, Herman (1996). East and West in the Crusader States. Peeters. ISBN 90-429-1287-1.. Cynewulf (1904). The Elene of Cynewulf

Queen Melisende on Christmas Day. Due to the political situation the Crusader States of Tripoli, Antioch and Edessa assert their independence. Raymond of

III: Genealogical trees, Number 1-2.. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Edbury, Peter W. (1994)

Relationship Between Southern Italy and Sicily, Crusading and the Crusader States, c. 1060–1198. Routledge. ISBN 9781000764628. Mosher, Paul Hostetler

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

2000), 827–54. Russell, Josiah C. (1985). "The Population of the Crusader States". In Setton, Kenneth M.; Zacour, Norman P.; Hazard, Harry W. (eds.)

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Crusade, the Byzantine Empire was dissolved, to be replaced by several Crusader states and several Byzantine states. It was re-established by Nicean general

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Alex G.; Preston, Irene Fraley; Seltman, A. J. (1994). Coins of the Crusader States, 1098–1291: including the Kingdom of Jerusalem and its vassal states

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

In late medieval heraldry the Crusader's cross was used for various Crusader states. The 14th-century Book of All Kingdoms uses it as the flag of Sebasteia

ISBN 978-1-108-02063-3. Hardwicke, Mary Nickerson (1969) [1962]. "The Crusader States, 1192–1243". In Setton, Kenneth M.; Wolff, Robert Lee; Hazard, Harry

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

Chapter XV: The Crusader States, 1192-1243 (PDF). pp. 519–555. Retrieved 4 January 2022. Runciman, Sir Steven. Chapter XVI: The Crusader States, 1243-1291

Seventh Crusade 3rd Damietta 2nd Mansurah 2nd Fariskur End of the Crusader states in the Levant 2nd Arsuf Caesarea Haifa Safed 2nd Antioch Eighth Crusade

significant presences in the Levant, in the Byzantine Empire and in the Crusader states of Palestine, particularly in Constantinople (where the Byzantine Emperor

Normandy (C. 1050–1134). Boydell Press. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. Barlow, Frank (1983). William Rufus. University

University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-60473-5. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Kennedy, Hugh (1994)

This is an incomplete attempt at an exhaustive list of lordships. (in German) History of Schellenberg Steven Tibble, Monarchy and Lordships in the Latin

Egypt to the 21st Century. ABC-CLIO. Morton, Nicholas (2020). The Crusader States and Their Neighbours: A Military History, 1099-1187. Oxford University

pp. 76–77. ISBN 978-977-424-930-3. Holt, Peter Malcolm (2004). The Crusader States and Their Neighbours, 1098-1291. Pearson Longman. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-582-36931-3

chrétien. 6: 189–220. Hamilton, Bernard (1980). The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church. Ashgate. Le Quien, Michel (1740). Oriens Christianus

150. ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0. Hardwicke, Mary Nickerson (1969). The Crusader States, 1192–1243, pp. 542–543. A History of the Crusades (Setton), Volume

History of the Crusades, Volume IV The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States, Kenneth M. Setton, Harry W. Hazard, Edition: University of Wisconsin

Jotischky, Andrew. The Perfection of Solitude: Hermits and Monks in the Crusader States (Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995) Leyser, Henrietta. Hermits

Oxford. p. 1185. ISBN 978-0-19-256246-3. Holt, Peter Malclm (2004). The Crusader States and Their Neighbours, 1098-1291. Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-0-582-36931-3

originally from Padua or Aquileia. Following the establishment of Crusader states in Greece after the Fourth Crusade, the Ghisi became an important dynasty

Jerusalem, pp. 32–33. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3. Malcolm Barber (2012). The Crusader States, pp. 68–69. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Steven Runciman

Nicholson, Robert Lawrence (1973). Joscelyn III and the Fall of the Crusader States: 1134-1199. Brill. Perry, Guy (2013). John of Brienne: King of Jerusalem

Lewis 2017, p. 222. Runciman 1989, p. 405. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Hamilton, Bernard (2000)

Lewis 2017, p. 222. Runciman 1989, p. 405. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Hamilton, Bernard (2000)

other times, such as during certain periods during the Hasmonean and Crusader states for example, as well as during the biblical period, territories on

originally from Padua or Aquileia. Following the establishment of Crusader states in Greece after the Fourth Crusade, the Ghisi became an important dynasty

regnant Primogeniture Suo jure *Hamilton, Bernard (1978). "Women in the Crusader States: The Queens of Jerusalem". In Baker, Derek (ed.). Medieval Women. Oxford:

Boydell Press. ISBN 978-0-85115-661-3. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Maalouf, Amin (1984)

in total had lost their lives, a frightful number considering the Crusader states were chronically short on soldiery. The War of Saint Sabas was settled

Nicholson, Robert Lawrence (1973). Joscelyn III and the fall of the crusader states 1134–1199. Brill. Petit, Ernest, ed. (1889). Histoire des ducs de Bourgogne

fall of Edessa (now the modern day city of Urfa, the first of the Crusader states established in the Levant) to the Turks, which occurred in 1144, he

Maalouf 1984, pp. 120–121. Lock 2006, p. 42. Barber, Malcolm (2012). The Crusader States. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11312-9. Lock, Peter (2006)

spelled as Lewon I[citation needed] Nickerson Hardwicke, Mary. The Crusader States, 1192–1243. Nersessian, Sirarpie Der. The Kingdom of Cilician Armenia

resentment in the Empire led to the Crusader states losing their protection from Byzantium. However, whilst the Crusader states should not and did not rely on

Christians' recent misfortunes to the "iniquity" of the "delinquent" Crusader states. He asserts that all Christians are thus obliged to participate in

Snelders 2010, p. 1. K.N. Ciggaar (2003). East and West in the Crusader States: Context, Contacts, Confrontations. pp. 67–68. ISBN 9789042912878.

Ciggaar, Krijna Nelly; Teule, Herman G. B. (eds.). East and West in the Crusader States: Context, Contacts, Confrontations II : Acta of the Congress Held at

Crusade in April 1204, the Byzantine Empire was divided among Latin Crusader states and a few Byzantine Greek remnants, the chief of which were the Despotate

as Acre was in Crusader hands. In 1283, it was still a part of the Crusader states, as it was mentioned under the name "al-Kabrah", as part of their domain

398–422 [1–25]. Hamilton, Bernard (1980). The Latin Church in the Crusader States: The Secular Church. Farnham: Ashgate. Marshall, Christopher (1992)

Le Roulx 1904, pp. 137–146. Hardwicke, Mary Nickerson (1969). "The Crusader States, 1192–1243". In Setton, Kenneth M.; Wolff, Robert Lee; Hazard, Harry

Columbia University Press, 1943. Bernard Hamilton, "Women in the Crusader States: The Queens of Jerusalem", in Medieval Women, edited by Derek Baker

numbers recorded as participating in its numerous wars against the Crusader states. The Nicenes continued some aspects of the Komnenian army, but without

branch of the influential French Lusignan dynasty, which had ruled the Crusader states of Cyprus and Jerusalem since the late 12th century. On 9 January 1288