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Find link is a tool written by Edward Betts.Longer titles found: Personal union of Great Britain and Hanover (view), Personal union of Poland and Saxony (view), Croatia in personal union with Hungary (view)
searching for Personal union 114 found (2106 total)
alternate case: personal union
Christology
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In Christianity, Christology is a branch of theology that concerns Jesus. Different denominations have different opinions on questions such as whetherLuxembourgers (950 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
independent, while remaining in personal union with the Netherlands, after the signing of the Treaty of London in 1839. The personal union proved short-lived asÞorrablót (462 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
received a constitution in 1874, and was recognized as a kingdom in personal union with Denmark in 1918). The Þorrablót is an evening with dinner whereList of archbishops of Gniezno and primates of Poland (776 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Commonwealth. From 1821 until 1946 in personal union with the Archdiocese of Poznań. From 1946 until 1992 in personal union with the Archdiocese of Warsaw.Sacramental union (1,362 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
union is distinguished from the other "unions" in theology like the "personal union" of the two natures in Jesus Christ, the "mystical union" of ChristPrince-abbot (212 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the Abbot of Prüm, elevated by Emperor Frederick II in 1222, held in personal union by the Archbishop of Trier from 1576 the Abbot of Kempten, confirmedNorway–Sweden relations (372 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
They were both part of the Kalmar Union between 1397 and 1523, and a personal union between 1814 and 1905. The countries established diplomatic relationsNorwegian Nobel Committee (1,056 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the Nobel Peace Prize. At the time, Norway and Sweden were in a loose personal union. Despite its members being appointed by Parliament, the committee isCounty of Zutphen (154 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
ruled by the Counts of Zutphen between 1046 and 1138, and then formed a personal union with Guelders. Later, it became one of the 4 quarters of Guelders. AfterDuchy of Gascony (4,162 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
early years with its distinctively Basque element to the merger in personal union with the Duchy of Aquitaine to the later period as a dependency of theColonial order of chivalry (255 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
are not colonial orders, and owe their existence to their nations' personal union with the United Kingdom or to their own governments or parliaments.Lofsöngur (944 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1944, when the country declared independence by voting to end its "personal union" and become a republic. It is notorious for being extremely challengingNorwegian romantic nationalism (836 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
dependent on Denmark and Copenhagen was made capital of both countries in a personal union. Subsequently, there was a brain drain of talented people from NorwayCasimir III the Great (2,182 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
nephew, King Louis I of Hungary, succeeded him as king of Poland in personal union with Hungary. Casimir was born on 30 April 1310 in Kowal, Kuyavia, theCrown of Aragon (5,626 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The Crown of Aragon (UK: /ˈærəɡən/, US: /-ɡɒn/) was a composite monarchy ruled by one king, originated by the dynastic union of the Kingdom of Aragon andStates of the German Confederation (807 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Lower Bavaria Lower Franconia Palatinate 4. The Kingdom of Hanover (in personal union with the United Kingdom until 1837) 5. The Kingdom of Saxony 6. ThePrior (ecclesiastical) (1,119 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
held in personal union by the Bishop of Ciudad Real. Within the Order of the Holy Sepulcher, the title of Grand prior is held in personal union by theCharles VIII of France (2,620 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
marriage, Charles became administrator of Brittany and established a personal union that enabled France to avoid total encirclement by Habsburg territoriesPrussian Academy of Arts (1,156 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Berlin, Brandenburg, in 1694/1696 by prince-elector Frederick III, in personal union Duke Frederick I of Prussia, and later king in Prussia. After the AccademiaElectoral Palatinate (2,754 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
XIV of France, culminating in the Nine Years' War (1688–97). Ruled in personal union with the Electorate of Bavaria from 1777, the Palatinate was finallyHungary–Poland relations (5,212 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
to 1382 the Kingdom of Poland and Kingdom of Hungary entered into a personal union and were ruled by the same King, Louis the Great. This period in PolishSteward (office) (911 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
existed both during the Dano-Norwegian personal union from 1536 to 1814 and during the Swedish-Norwegian personal union from 1814 until it was abolished inFlag of Prussia (783 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in 1618, thus uniting Brandenburg and Prussia under one ruler in a personal union; the Elector's state became known as Brandenburg-Prussia. The KingdomPortuguese East India Company (988 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
East India Company and the English East India Company, following the personal union of the Portuguese and Spanish Crowns. Portuguese trade with India hadSweden at the 1900 Summer Olympics (234 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
typically separated from those of Norwegian competitors despite the personal union of the two kingdoms. Gold medals were not given at the 1900 Games. ACount of Flanders (763 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Duke of Burgundy, the county and the subsidiary counties entered a personal union with the Duchy of Burgundy in 1405. The counts of Flanders were alsoCounty of Horne (271 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
declared the direct lord and new count. The bishops ruled the county in personal union. Horne maintained its own laws and customs as well as its financialApostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany (3,036 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(electorate) (March of Brandenburg proper and Brandenburgian Pomerania), in personal union with Prussia Brandenburg (D) (t) Cammin (m: New March and Farther Pomerania)Kingdom of Lithuania (1,208 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the formal Christianization and especially after the creation of the personal union with Poland, the Kings of Poland–Lithuania retained the separate titles1730 in Sweden (76 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Events from the year 1730 in Sweden Monarch – Frederick I 23 March - Personal union between Sweden and Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel until 1751. The firstLithuanian–Muscovite War (1487–1494) (599 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Lithuania in alliance with the Golden Horde Khan Akhmat, united by personal union (Union of Krewo). Kingdom of Poland under the leadership of Grand DukeList of Polish monarchs (1,145 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Władysław II Jagiełło, thus creating the Jagiellonian dynasty and a personal union between Poland and Lithuania. During the reign of Casimir IV Jagiellon1596 in Sweden (123 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Monarch – Sigismund - An embassy from Poland arrive to support the personal union between Sweden and Poland. 25 November - A peasant uprising in the provinceForêts (1,057 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
most of Forêts became part of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (in a personal union with the United Kingdom of the Netherlands); the part on the east side1587 in Sweden (111 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
stadgar, which protects the independence of Sweden during the potential personal union between Sweden and Poland. 15 June - Gabriel Gustafsson OxenstiernaList of heads of government of Norway (659 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
first minister (Norwegian: Førstestatsraad) Until 1873, the King of the personal union between Sweden and Norway governed Norway through two cabinets: oneList of monarchs who were Freemasons (1,381 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
under the one they are most known for, or the dominant nation in a personal union (i.e. Christian X listed under Denmark and not Iceland). Those listedBritish migration to Germany (116 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
nations as members of the European Union. Moreover, Great Britain was in personal union with Electorate of Hanover, following the accession of George I to theLower Saxon Circle (552 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
was in personal union with the Archbishopric of Bremen since 1502. The Counties of Schaumburg and Spiegelberg were also part of the personal union, butAalto Theatre (352 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Hauschild held the positions of both Intendant and Generalmusikdirektor in personal union from 1992 until 1997, followed by Stefan Soltesz from 1997 until 2013Croatian–Venetian wars (2,117 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
turned to the Kingdom of Croatia, as well as the Kingdom of Croatia in personal union with Hungary), at times allied with neighbouring territories – the PrincipalitySaxony (6,293 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
which was held in a personal union by the Electorate of Hanover from the 18th century to the Napoleonic wars, and in a personal union with Denmark (alongDresden (13,147 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
furnished the city with cultural and artistic splendor, and was once by personal union the family seat of Polish monarchs. The city was known as the JewelStanisław Leszczyński (2,140 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Palatine Zweibrücken, a small state of the Holy Roman Empire which was in personal union with Sweden and located near the region of Alsace. After Charles's deathSiege of Longwy (1871) (766 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article
Longwy which was near the border of Belgium and Luxembourg. (Under a Personal Union with the Netherlands) After the artillery fire from the Prussian armyJonas Collett (391 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Næstved in Denmark, he remained in Norway after the termination of the personal union with Denmark in 1814. He was the First minister of Norway (1822-1836)County Palatine of Veldenz (803 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Zweibrücken line, specifically King of Sweden Charles XI, who ruled in personal union with the duchy of Palatine Zweibrücken. However, even bordering ElectoralWar of the Austrian Succession (12,633 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
At the same time, the war demonstrated that Hanover, then held in personal union with the British Crown, was vulnerable to Prussian attacks, while manyMichael the Brave (4,856 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
During this period, Michael the Brave changed his seal to represent his personal union of Wallachia, Moldavia, and Transylvania. The interests of the threeDuchy of Styria (1,253 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
since 976, after which both duchies should in perpetuity be ruled in personal union. Upon his death in 1192, Styria as stipulated fell to the BabenbergCarl Theodor Zahle (835 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
which resulted in Iceland being recognized as a sovereign nation in a personal union with the king of Denmark the following year. C. Th. Zahle was born inLouis XII (7,238 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
widow of Charles VIII. This marriage allowed Louis to reinforce the personal Union of Brittany and France. Louis of Orléans was one of the great feudalUnion of Hungary and Romania (297 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
The union of Hungary and Romania comprises proposed unsuccessful 20th-century, mostly interbellum, attempts to unite the Kingdom or Republic of HungaryIreland (disambiguation) (373 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
of Ireland in 1169 Kingdom of Ireland, a state from 1541 to 1800, in personal union with England and Scotland Confederate Ireland (1642–1649), an IrishTerritorial evolution of the British Empire (2,480 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the rulers of the German state of Hanover. However, this was purely a personal union, with Hanover maintaining its political independence otherwise, andHarald Fairhair (7,796 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
into one kingdom. Since the nineteenth century, when Norway was in a personal union with Sweden, Harald has become a national icon of Norway and a symbolHistory of Norway (9,820 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
countries concluded the Convention of Moss, in which Norway accepted a personal union with Sweden, keeping its Constitution, Storting and separate institutionsHistory of Naples (5,731 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
840–1137 Kingdom of Sicily 1137–1194 Kingdom of Sicily 1194–1254 ∟ personal union with the Holy Roman Empire Kingdom of Sicily 1254–1282 Kingdom ofNovember Uprising (3,717 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
had its own constitution. The province, united with Russia through a personal union with the Tsar as King of Poland, could elect its own parliament (theKingdom of Scotland (13,288 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Scotland became King of England, joining Scotland with England in a personal union. In 1707, during the reign of Queen Anne, the two kingdoms were unitedSwedish–Norwegian War (1,618 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
king of Norway, but Norway remained nominally independent within a personal union with Sweden, under the Swedish king. Its constitution was upheld withAdolphus Ward (650 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Thirty Years' War (1869), Great Britain and Hanover: Some Aspects of the Personal Union (1899), and The Electress Sophia and the Hanoverian Succession (1903)Medieval Croatia (126 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(925–1102) Croatia in the union with Hungary - medieval kingdom in a personal union with the Kingdom of Hungary (1102–1526) Croatia (disambiguation) CroatianNorwegian Constituent Assembly (791 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
such amendments as were required to allow it to enter into a loose personal union with Sweden. On 4 November, the Storting amended the Constitution accordingly1599 in Sweden (979 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
forced to retreat to the Commonwealth. This also ended the short-lived personal union between Poland and Sweden. After Sigismund had been crowned King ofDuke (6,475 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
part of Germany). Its southern neighbor, the duchy of Holstein, in personal union with the Danish crown, was nonetheless always a German principalityHistory of Sicily (7,080 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the latter. In the following centuries the Kingdom entered into the personal union with the Spaniard and Bourbon crowns, while preserving effective independenceFamily of Gediminas (4,237 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
grandchildren converted Lithuania to Christianity and inaugurated the first personal union with Poland. Because written sources of the era are scarce, Gediminas'History of colonialism (8,664 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Portuguese and Spanish empires were both ruled by the Spanish monarchs in personal union. During the late 16th and 17th centuries, England, France, and the DutchHouse of Habsburg (9,330 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(1580–1640). The Seventeen Provinces and the Duchy of Milan were in personal union under the King of Spain but remained part of the Holy Roman Empire.Sweden (22,913 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
especially at Visby. In 1397 Queen Margaret I of Denmark affected the personal union of Sweden, Norway, and Denmark through the Kalmar Union. However, Margaret'sSiege of Stralsund (1711–1715) (2,221 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
pursuit and subsequent defeat, Prussia as well as Hanover, ruled in personal union with Great Britain, joined the anti-Swedish alliance. The allies agreedPacta conventa (Croatia) (2,370 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
historians also accept the view that Croatia and Hungary entered in a personal union in 1102 and that, whatever the authenticity of the Pacta conventa, theFlag of Great Britain (1,311 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
it had been created by the Union of the Crowns. However, despite the personal union which he represented, in practice England and Scotland continued asGreat Northern War (7,174 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Siöblad Creutz (POW) Frederick IV † Charles Frederick William III (personal union) Stanislaus I Potocki Sapieha the Younger # Sapieha the Elder AhmedList of sovereign states in the 1870s (797 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Confederation (to January 18, 1871) Norway – Kingdom of Norway (in personal union with Sweden) Oman – Imamate of Oman (from 1870 [renamed Muscat and OmanCoat of arms of Denmark (2,852 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Valdemar IV in 1376. He was the first king to rule Norway and Denmark in personal union. Olaf on his seal still displayed the Estridsen (for Denmark) and SverreApostolic Nunciature to Bavaria (1,106 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Pacelli, Nuncio to Bavaria, was appointed the first nuncio to Germany in personal union. However, the nunciature to Germany remained seated in Munich, sinceJunta (281 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
military officers Junta (Habsburg), an administrative body that ruled in personal union with the Spanish Habsburgs Junta (Peninsular War), resistance governmentsDanish Realm (5,041 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Danish–Icelandic Act of Union, full independence in 1918. The act established a personal union between Denmark and the newly created Kingdom of Iceland, with DenmarkList of Swedish governors-general (933 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the Swedish monarch in Norway when that neighboring country was in personal union with Sweden, as it concerns a whole kingdom, and notably in the severalIon C. Brătianu (1,352 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Ignatyev said the intention of the Romanian officials was to establish a personal union with Bulgaria. In 1881, Romania proclaimed itself a Kingdom. The CongressOsterholz (293 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1807 theErnest Augustus, King of Hanover (8,455 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Salic law, which barred women from the succession, thus ending the personal union between Britain and Hanover that had begun in 1714. Ernest was bornList of sovereign states in the 1900s (330 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
November 15, 1908) Capital: Boma Widely recognized state. State in personal union with the Kingdom of Belgium. Annexed by Belgium on November 15, 1908Maharaja (2,601 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Bendahara Seri Maharaja was used by the ruler of Pahang (1623–1853 in personal union with Johor, eventually becoming a fief of the Bendahara family), tillKing of Romania (1,091 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
principality since 1862, after the creation of the United Principalities, a personal union between Moldavia and Wallachia, at that time vassal states of the OttomanHistory of the Netherlands (17,943 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Luxembourg became officially independent of the Netherlands in 1839, but a personal union remained until 1890. Since 1890, it is ruled by another branch of theKingdom of Sicily (5,801 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Spanish rule (1516–1713) Personal union with the Duchy of Savoy (1713–1720) Under Habsburg rule (1720–1735) Personal union with the Kingdom of NaplesBattle of Gvozd Mountain (420 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
official end of a native dynasty ruling in Croatia. Coloman created a personal union between the kingdoms of Hungary and Croatia (allegedly signing the PactaList of monarchs of Luxembourg (877 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the Vienna Congress, it was elevated to a grand duchy and given in personal union to William I of the Netherlands. The Grand Duke of Luxembourg (or GrandAnglo-Scottish border (3,181 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
century and the creation of the Middle Shires, promulgated after the personal union of England and Scotland under James VI of Scotland (James I of England)—theNormandy (5,431 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of the Norman Conquests, including England (1066–1485, not always in personal union with Normandy), Normandy (911–1204), southern Italy and Sicily (1030–1263)List of sovereign states in the 1820s (988 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
United Kingdom of the Netherlands Norway – Kingdom of Norway (in a personal union with Sweden) Oldenburg – Grand Duchy of Oldenburg Ottoman Empire –Deutsche Fußball Liga (766 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
shareholders' meeting. Part of the supervisory board of the DFL forms a personal union with the Vorstand of the Ligaverband.[citation needed] Wilfried StraubGeorgia (country) (21,302 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Shah in 1747, both kingdoms broke free and were reunified through a personal union under the energetic king Heraclius II, who succeeded in stabilizingList of battles between England and Scotland (399 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
individual confrontations. In 1603, England and Scotland were joined in a "personal union" when King James VI of Scotland succeeded to the throne of England asEngland (21,575 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
interests, inherited the throne of England as James I, thereby creating a personal union. He styled himself King of Great Britain, although this had no basisPiltene (538 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1661: Formal personal union with Courland. 1701 - 1709: Occupied by Sweden (1705 - 1706 interrupted by Russian occupation). 1717: Personal union with theFranco-Flemish School (999 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
loosely known as the Low Countries (Imperial and French fiefs ruled in personal union by the House of Valois-Burgundy in the period from 1384 to 1482)—i.eList of bishops of Poznań (511 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Gniezno, Primate of Poland. In 1821 raised to status of metropolis and personal union with Gniezno archbishopric, primates of Poland. Tymoteusz GorzeńskiStyle of the Portuguese sovereign (173 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of Habsburg, Flanders, Tyrol, etc. Philip I, Philip II, Philip III Personal union with Spain 1640–1815 By the Grace of God, King [or Queen] of PortugalVizier (2,774 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
styled wazir; when, in 1762, Jafarabad and Janjira states entered into personal union, both titles were maintained until (after 1825) the higher style ofBavaria (8,245 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
comprised the Duchy of Jülich and Berg as these on their part were in personal union with the Palatinate.[citation needed] When the Holy Roman Empire dissolvedConstitution of Luxembourg (5,450 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
not annexed to the Kingdom of the Netherlands; instead, it formed a personal union within the German Confederation created by the Congress of Vienna. WhenGreenland (16,403 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in 1261 under the Kingdom of Norway. The Kingdom of Norway entered a personal union with Denmark in 1380, and from 1397 was a part of the Kalmar Union.Count of Tripoli (698 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Raymond's death. After Bohemond III died in 1201, the county was in personal union with Antioch for all but three years (1216–1219) until Antioch's fallAct of Union (256 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
(Act of Union 1814), the Union between Sweden and Norway, forming a personal union between Sweden and Norway Danish–Icelandic Act of Union, a 1918 unionCounty of Ravensberg (446 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
1249–1306 Otto III 1306–1328 Otto IV 1328–1346 Bernard 1348–1395 in Personal union with Berg, since 1437 with Jülich-Berg 1346–1360 Gerhard I 1360–1408Greater Croatia (1,876 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
stirrings in the then-Kingdom of Hungary, with whom Croatia was in a personal union.[citation needed] The foundations of the concept of Greater CroatiaRomania in the Middle Ages (9,802 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and occupied Transylvania in 1599, and Moldavia in 1600. Although the personal union of the three countries collapsed four months later, it served as anLandgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (1,370 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
became by marriage King of Sweden. Although the Landgraviate was in personal union with Sweden from 1730 to 1751, the King's younger brother, Prince WilliamSaxe-Coburg (2,048 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Saxe-Altenburg . The principalities of Altenburg and Coburg were ruled in personal union by the Duke but they maintained their own state authorities. Duke FrederickList of sovereign states in the 1840s (1,404 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Republic of Nicaragua Capital: Managua Norway – Kingdom of Norway (in personal union with Sweden) Capital: Oslo Oldenburg – Grand Duchy of Oldenburg Capital: