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Acid–base homeostasis
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Acid–base homeostasis is the homeostatic regulation of the pH of the body's extracellular fluid (ECF). The proper balance between the acids and bases (iBetaine—homocysteine S-methyltransferase (510 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from trimethylglycine and a hydrogen ion from homocysteine to produce dimethylglycine and methionine respectively:Molar concentration (1,391 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
brackets around the substance of interest; for example, the molarity of the hydrogen ion is depicted as [H+]. Molar concentration or molarity is most commonlyS. P. L. Sørensen (1,026 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
number p I suggest the name "hydrogen ion exponent" and the notation p H {\displaystyle p_{\mathrm {H} }} . By the hydrogen ion exponent ( p H {\displaystyleProton Synchrotron (1,805 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
a negative hydrogen ion source, the ions are first accelerated to the energy of 160 MeV in the linear accelerator Linac 4. The hydrogen ion is then strippedDihydrogen cation (3,518 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
release of fragments from electron-impact dissociation of the molecular hydrogen ion and its isotopologues". Physical Review A. 96 (2): 022706. Bibcode:2017PhRvAPolyatomic ion (773 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the polyatomic hydrogen sulfate anion (HSO−4). The removal of another hydrogen ion produces the sulfate anion (SO2−4). There are several patterns that canGood's buffers (852 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
compounds previously overlooked by biologists. Before Good's work, few hydrogen ion buffers between pH 6 and 8 had been accessible to biologists, and veryHyperaldosteronism (1,136 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
lowered levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia) and increased hydrogen ion excretion (alkalosis). This cause of mineralocorticoid excess is primaryBicarbonate buffer system (1,731 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in turn rapidly dissociates to form a bicarbonate ion (HCO− 3 ) and a hydrogen ion (H+) as shown in the following reaction: C O 2 + H 2 O ⇄ H 2 C O 3 ⇄Lyman limit (95 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
electric potential barrier that originally confined it, thus creating a hydrogen ion. This energy is equivalent to the Rydberg constant. Balmer Limit Lyman-alphaTimeline of stellar astronomy (623 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in stars 1939 — Rupert Wildt realizes the importance of the negative hydrogen ion for stellar opacity 1952 — Walter Baade distinguishes between CepheidAcidity function (556 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
dilute aqueous solution, the predominant acid species is the hydrated hydrogen ion H3O+ (or more accurately [H(OH2)n]+). In this case H0 and H− are equivalentGrotthuss mechanism (1,269 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
line’ where each oxygen atom simultaneously passes and receives a single hydrogen ion. It was an astonishing theory to propose at the time, since the waterBuffer solution (2,334 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
left, in accordance with Le Chatelier's principle. Because of this, the hydrogen ion concentration increases by less than the amount expected for the quantityEugen Goldstein (786 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
rays, later identified as positive ions in the gas phase including the hydrogen ion. He was the great uncle of the violinists Mikhail Goldstein and BorisSodium–hydrogen antiporter 3 (1,346 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
imports one sodium ion into the cytosol of a tubule cell as it ejects one hydrogen ion from the cell into the lumen of the proximal tubule. The sodium withinCarbaminohemoglobin (2,063 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Carbaminohemoglobin (carbaminohaemoglobin BrE) (CO2Hb, also known as carbhemoglobin and carbohemoglobin) is a compound of hemoglobin and carbon dioxideWeak base (1,082 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
undissociated molecules of the base. Bases yield solutions in which the hydrogen ion activity is lower than it is in pure water, i.e., the solution is saidAcid–base disorder (778 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
to alkalosis, the kidney may excrete more bicarbonate by decreasing hydrogen ion secretion from the tubular epithelial cells, and lowering rates of glutamineIsoionic point (390 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the concentration of charged species is zero. For a diprotic acid, the hydrogen ion concentration can be found at the isoionic point using the followingSodium hydrogenoxalate (498 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
hydrogen oxalate anion can be described as the result of removing one hydrogen ion H+ from oxalic acid, or adding one to the oxalate anion C2O2−4. The compoundLeonor Michaelis (1,484 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Sørensen's 1909 introduction of the pH scale with a study of the effect of hydrogen ion concentration on invertase, and he became the leading world expert onQuinhydrone electrode (368 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
The quinhydrone electrode may be used to measure the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of a solution containing an acidic substance. Quinones form a quinhydroneThermodynamic activity (2,982 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
iodate KH(IO3)2 at 0.02 M the activity is 40% lower than the calculated hydrogen ion concentration, resulting in a much higher pH than expected. When a 0Acid–base reaction (4,969 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
reaction is, thus, the removal of a hydrogen ion from the acid and its addition to the base. The removal of a hydrogen ion from an acid produces its conjugateAcid dissociation constant (11,511 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
that dissociates into A−, called the conjugate base of the acid, and a hydrogen ion, H+. The system is said to be in equilibrium when the concentrationsLoop of Henle (1,586 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
hydrogen ion for the antiporter comes from the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, which takes water and carbon dioxide and forms bicarbonate and a hydrogen ionBase (chemistry) (3,041 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
altering the autoionization equilibrium, bases yield solutions in which the hydrogen ion activity is lower than it is in pure water, i.e., the water has a pHHydrogen atom (5,789 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
A hydrogen atom is an atom of the chemical element hydrogen. The electrically neutral atom contains a single positively charged proton and a single negativelyElectrode potential (960 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
with hydrogen ion in an ideal solution having is "zero potential at all temperatures" equivalently to standard enthalpy of formation of hydrogen ion isMetal ion buffer (177 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
controlled source of free metal ions in a manner similar to the regulation of hydrogen ion concentration by a pH buffer A metal-ion buffer solution contains theGlucobrassicin (665 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
are indole-3-carbinol and thiocyanate ion (plus glucose, sulfate, and hydrogen ion), which are envisioned to result from a rapid reaction of the unstableYeast assimilable nitrogen (3,491 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
membrane take in the amino acid coupled with a hydrogen ion that later gets expelled by the cell via a hydrogen ion pump. This is an energy dependent processPhyllic alteration (347 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
occurs at high temperatures and moderately acidic (low pH) conditions. Hydrogen-ion metasomatism is the process that causes phyllic alteration. While theMetabolic acidosis (3,846 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
than 7.35. Acidemia and acidosis are not mutually exclusive – pH and hydrogen ion concentrations also depend on the coexistence of other acid-base disorders;Henderson–Hasselbalch equation (1,425 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
analytical concentration of the acid and CH is the concentration the hydrogen ion that has been added to the solution. The self-dissociation of water isTIM/TOM complex (629 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
translocated into the matrix in a process that requires an electrochemical hydrogen ion gradient across the inner membrane. Mitochondrial Hsp70 binds to regionsAgnes J. Quirk (651 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
1923, she worked with Edna H. Fawcett to publish a paper concerning the hydrogen-ion concentration in culture mediums. Their joint research considered "theEquilibrium chemistry (6,468 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
acid is the solvated hydrogen ion. In solution chemistry, it is usual to use H+ as an abbreviation for the solvated hydrogen ion, regardless of the solventReversible hydrogen electrode (555 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
actual electrolyte solution and not separated by a salt bridge. The hydrogen ion concentration is therefore not 1 mol/L, or 1 mol/kg, but correspondsHypocapnia (674 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Chemoreceptors in the body sense a change in partial pressures and pH (hydrogen ion concentration) in the blood. Chemoreceptors are responsible for signalingWilliam Cecil Dampier (518 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Theory of Ionic Velocity'; 'Ionic Velocities'; 'On the velocity of the Hydrogen Ion through Solutions of Acetates'; 'On the Velocities of the Ions and thePál Szily (271 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
artificial buffer solutions and indicators for the determination of the hydrogen ion concentration under Hans Friedenthal in Berlin and published the resultsJesse Francis McClendon (891 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of measuring hydrogen ion concentration. Amer. J. Physiol., 1915, 38, 2, 191. McClendon J. F., Sheldon A., Ben Karpman. The hydrogen ion concentrationsAqueous solution (674 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Arrhenius acid is hydrogen chloride (HCl) because of its dissociation of the hydrogen ion when dissolved in water. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is an Arrhenius base1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate polyprenyltransferase (451 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
are all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate, 1-4-dihydroxy-2-napthoate, and a hydrogen ion, and the three products are demethylmenaquinol-9, diphosphate, and carbonDetlev Bronk (1,145 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Detlev Wulf (1926). Electrical conductivity, electrical potential and hydrogen ion concentration measurements on the submaxillary gland of the dog, recordedNeutralization (chemistry) (2,133 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
consistent with the Brønsted–Lowry definition because in reality the hydrogen ion exists as the hydronium ion, so that the neutralization reaction mayLamellibrachia luymesi (796 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
system. It also needs to ensure that no build up of the sulfate and hydrogen ion waste products occurs, which would inhibit the bacterial activity. LaboratoryCarboxylate (600 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
easily dissociate into a carboxylate anion and a positively charged hydrogen ion (proton), much more readily than alcohols do (into an alkoxide ion andJohn McGinness (1,007 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Kirkpatrick, D.S., and Proctor, P.M.: Reversible and Irreversible Changes in Hydrogen Ion Titration Curves of Melanins. Physiol. Chem. and Phvs. 11:217-223, 1979ISO 31-8 (537 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
± 0.02 where c(H+) denotes the amount-of-substance concentration of hydrogen ion H+ and y1 denotes the activity coefficient of a typical uni-univalentSymporter (717 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
several symporters/antiporters that specifically allow only one charged hydrogen ion (more commonly known as a proton) and one charged K+ ion. This groupPIPES (258 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Connolly, Thomas N.; Izawa, Seikichi; Singh, Raizada M. M. (1966). "Hydrogen Ion Buffers for Biological Research". Biochemistry. 5 (2): 467–77. doi:10P/O ratio (761 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the enzyme ATP–ADP translocase dissipates the charge equivalent of one hydrogen ion from the gradient when moving ATP (outward) and ADP (inward) across theEnantiostasis (696 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
to the concentration of two factors, calcium ion concentration, and hydrogen ion concentration. When these concentrations are varied in the same directionDead space (physiology) (2,227 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
the hydrogen ion concentration or activity of a solution to that of a standard solution; approximately equal to the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ionCarsten Olsen (1,139 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
dioica. Journal of Ecology 9, 1-17. [2] Olsen, C. (1923) Studies on the hydrogen ion concentration of the soil and its significance to the vegetation, especiallyHEPPS (buffer) (299 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
Winget, G. D; Winter, W; Connolly, T. N; Izawa, S; Singh, R. M (1966). "Hydrogen ion buffers for biological research". Biochemistry. 5 (2): 467–77. doi:10Hammett acidity function (873 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
approximately equal to the pH. However, beyond this pH range, the effective hydrogen-ion activity changes much more rapidly than the concentration. This is oftenNeutrophile (263 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
growth pH. Neutrophiles are adapted to live in an environment where the hydrogen ion concentration is at equilibrium. They are sensitive to the concentrationHyperaemia (952 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
with metabolism) include, but are not limited to: carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen ion (H+), potassium (K+), adenosine (ADO), nitric oxide (NO)). These vasodilatorsRenal physiology (1,917 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
lumen and tubular epithelium. It begins with the active secretion of a hydrogen ion (H+) into the tubule fluid via a Na/H exchanger: In the lumen The H+ATP6V1G2 (1,782 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
This means that ATP is broken down with water into ADP and a Hydrogen ion. This Hydrogen ion serves as energy to drive other processes. ATP6V1G2 also allowsMarkovnikov's rule (1,129 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
stable carbocation during the addition process. The addition of the hydrogen ion to one carbon atom in the alkene creates a positive charge on the otherRubidium oxide (562 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Instead, the hydroxide can be decomposed to the oxide (by reduction of the hydrogen ion) using Rb metal: 2 Rb + 2 RbOH → 2 Rb2O + H2 Metallic Rb reacts withSundaland heath forests (741 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
these forests are growing on soils which are highly acidic, such that hydrogen ion toxicity prevents the growth of non-adapted species. Moreover, heathRespiratory alkalosis (924 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
H_{2}CO_{3}\rightarrow CO_{2}+H_{2}O}}} This causes decreased circulating hydrogen ion concentration, and increased pH (alkalosis). The diagnosis of respiratoryEquilibrium constant (6,731 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
concentrations at all pH values. pH is defined in terms of the activity of the hydrogen ion pH = −log10 {H+} In the approximation of ideal behaviour, activity isActivity coefficient (3,312 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
coefficients. For example, pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion activity. If the prevailing view on the physical meaning and measurabilityVictor LaMer (1,341 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Columbia University. His doctoral thesis was The effect of temperature and hydrogen ion concentration upon the rate of destruction of the antiscorbutic vitaminStandard state (2,054 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
example, the use of a standard state concentration of 10−7 mol/L for the hydrogen ion in a real, aqueous solution is common in the field of biochemistry. InSolubility equilibrium (4,103 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{[M^{n+}][OH^{-}]^{n}} } However, general-purpose computer programs are designed to use hydrogen ion concentrations with the alternative definitions. M ( O H ) n + n H +IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry (1,468 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
prefix bi- is a deprecated way of indicating the presence of a single hydrogen ion, as in "sodium bicarbonate" (NaHCO3). The modern method specificallyRutile (1,319 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
these gaps, existing as an individual vacancy occupant (pairing as a hydrogen ion) or creating a hydroxide group with an adjacent oxygen. Rutile crystalsRiemschneider thiocarbamate synthesis (396 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
The reaction proceeds under acidic conditions. The alcohol accepts a hydrogen ion from sulfuric acid to form a water, which then leaves, creating a carbocationCarbonate (1,674 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
to restore the level of carbonic acid by reacting bicarbonate with a hydrogen ion, an example of Le Châtelier's principle. The result is to make the bloodBoron monohydride (971 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
hydrogen. Boron monohydride is formed when the boron anion B− reacts with a hydrogen ion H+. It is also formed when atomic boron reacts with hydrogen. B + H2Invertase (1,144 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
fructose end resulting in the two monosaccharides. It does this by adding a hydrogen ion to the glycosidic atom by an imidazolium cation. From there, an unstableMOPS (268 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Connolly, Thomas N.; Izawa, Seikichi; Singh, Raizada M. M. (1966). "Hydrogen Ion Buffers for Biological Research". Biochemistry. 5 (2): 467–77. doi:10Non-competitive inhibition (1,806 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
during his doctoral thesis, however he lacked noting the importance of hydrogen ion concentration and mutarotation of glucose. The goal of Henri's thesisRadiation zone (1,718 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
of a single atom (actually, an ion since matter is ionized; usually a hydrogen ion, i.e. a proton). While the radiation pressure satisfies: 1 − β = P radiationMass spectrum (1,554 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
that its mass-to-charge ratio was much smaller than the one for the hydrogen ion H+. In 1913 he measured the mass-to-charge ratio of ions with an instrumentChromate and dichromate (1,232 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
2 HCrO− 4 ⇌ Cr 2O2− 7 + H2O This equilibrium does not involve a change in hydrogen ion concentration, which would predict that the equilibrium is independentChemistry (9,163 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
a positive hydrogen ion to another substance in a chemical reaction; by extension, a base is the substance which receives that hydrogen ion. A third commonRICE chart (713 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Strictly speaking pH is equal to −log10{H+} where {H+} is the activity of the hydrogen ion. In dilute solution concentration is almost equal to activityList of medical abbreviations (632 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
PET positron emission tomography pg picogram(s) micromicrogram pH hydrogen ion concentration PMN polymorphonuclear leukocyte po orally Po2 oxygen partial pressureRalph Kekwick (874 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
career in biochemistry. He stayed at UCL doing work which included the hydrogen-ion dissociation curve of the crystalline albumin of the hen's egg. In 1931Dehydrogenase (2,153 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
other electron is "stolen" from an additional hydrogen, leaving the hydrogen ion in solution. Reduction of NAD+: NAD+ + 2H+ + 2e− ↔ NADH + H+ NAD+ isAntiproton (1,636 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the charge-to-mass ratios between antiproton and negatively charged hydrogen ion, the BASE experiment has determined the antiproton's charge-to-mass ratioDense granule (998 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
granule membrane. To maintain the low pH within the granule, there is a Hydrogen ion pumping ATPase. Ral has been found within the granule's membrane. ThereDetermination of equilibrium constants (5,567 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
standard for hydrogen ion concentration. The most widely used electrode is the glass electrode, which is selective for the hydrogen ion. This is suitablePhotoheterotroph (2,138 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the protein to change shape and pump a proton across the membrane. The hydrogen ion gradient can then be used to generate ATP, transport solutes across theGenomics (7,518 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
DNA replication chemistry. This technology measures the release of a hydrogen ion each time a base is incorporated. A microwell containing template DNATwo-electron atom (496 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
two-electron system, such as the neutral Helium atom (He, Z = 2), the negative Hydrogen ion (H−, Z = 1), or the positive Lithium ion (Li+, Z = 3) is: For a moreVoltage-gated proton channel (854 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Cherny VV, Markin VS, DeCoursey TE (June 1995). "The voltage-activated hydrogen ion conductance in rat alveolar epithelial cells is determined by the pHCephaloridine (1,850 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
tubular necrosis, increased urea level in blood, anemia, increased hydrogen ion level in blood, fatigue, increased blood pressure, increased blood electrolyteTwo-electron atom (496 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
two-electron system, such as the neutral Helium atom (He, Z = 2), the negative Hydrogen ion (H−, Z = 1), or the positive Lithium ion (Li+, Z = 3) is: For a moreConductometry (763 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
HgNO3. This development allowed for testing the solubility of salts and hydrogen ion concentration, as well as acid/base and redox titrations. ConductometryRadio Malt (277 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
propaganda)". 1926–1927. Retrieved 2007-09-25. Redman, Thirza (1929). "The hydrogen ion concentration and the calcium and phosphorus content of the faeces ofMary Elvira Weeks (1,230 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
at the University of Kansas in 1927, writing a thesis on the role of hydrogen ion concentration in the precipitation of calcium and magnesium. Once sheLightning (13,442 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
most likely charge-carrying species were considered to be the aqueous hydrogen ion and the aqueous hydroxide ion. The electrical charging of solid waterOxyacid (1,761 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the compound XOH is an acid, because it releases a proton, that is, a hydrogen ion. For example, nitrogen, sulfur and chlorine are strongly electronegative1,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid (909 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
section of the cycle is an inorganic phosphate is removed from 1,3BPG as a hydrogen ion and two electrons are added to the compound+. In complete reverse ofIron-binding proteins (1,879 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
OCLC 48055706. Hasselbalch KA (December 1964). "Calculation Of The Hydrogen Ion Concentration Of Blood From Free And Bound Carbon Dioxide Oxygen BindingHypocalcemia (1,885 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
cell transfusion due to excess citrate in the blood As blood plasma hydrogen ion concentration decreases, caused by respiratory or metabolic alkalosisAcid dye (1,298 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
difficulty. In this context, if an acid is used instead of water, then the hydrogen ion (H+) is more easily able to dissociate in order to react with the anilineDirect-ethanol fuel cell (819 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
catalyst. A polymer acts as electrolyte. The charge is carried by the hydrogen ion (proton). The liquid ethanol (C2H5OH) is oxidized at the anode in theSoil (22,546 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
nutrient availability is affected by soil pH, which is a measure of the hydrogen ion activity in the soil solution. Soil pH is a function of many soil formingHexamethylenetetramine (1,720 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
"Hexamine as an Urinary Antiseptic: I. Its Rate of Hydrolysis at Different Hydrogen Ion Concentrations. II. Its Antiseptic Power Against Various Bacteria inIon trapping (677 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
cell membrane to enter the cell, it becomes charged due to gaining a hydrogen ion because of the lower pH inside the cell, and thus becomes unable to crossMES (buffer) (475 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article
Connolly, Thomas N.; Izawa, Seikichi; Singh, Raizada M. M. (1966). "Hydrogen Ion Buffers for Biological Research". Biochemistry. 5 (2): 467–77. doi:10Oxidative decarboxylation (1,564 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
by a conveniently located enzyme-derived base to accept the resulting hydrogen ion. The result of these two steps is the production of the thioester acetylHoagland solution (1,405 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
O. (1922). "Absorption of nutrients and plant growth in relation to hydrogen ion concentration". Journal of General Physiology. 5 (1): 81–88. doi:10.1085/jgpACES (buffer) (262 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
acid receptor binding to rat brain synaptic membranes. Good, N.E., "Hydrogen ion buffers for biological research." "Biochemistry", 5(2), 467–477. LiuAcid strength (2,564 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
not shown and this becomes a quadratic equation in the value of the hydrogen ion concentration value, [ H ] {\displaystyle {\ce {[H]}}} . [ H ] 2 K aGastroenterology (3,611 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
McClendon J. F. New hydrogen electrodes and rapid methods of determining hydrogen ion concentrations. – Amer. J. Physoil., 1915, 38, 2, 180. Alvarez WC (1922)Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (2,349 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Paracoccidioides". Derm. Venez. 3: 130–132. Restrepo, M; et al. (1969). "Effect of hydrogen ion concentration and of temperature on the growth of Paracoccidioides brasiliensisAtomic, molecular, and optical physics (2,966 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
models are typically concerned with molecular hydrogen and its molecular hydrogen ion. It is concerned with processes such as ionization, above threshold ionizationLightwood–Albright syndrome (620 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
ammonium. These mutations lead to the nephron's inability to pair the hydrogen ion with ammonia, preventing hydrogen ions from being excreted through theMass-to-charge ratio (2,347 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and that its mass-to-charge ratio was much smaller than that of the hydrogen ion H+. In 1898, Wilhelm Wien separated ions (canal rays) according to theirProton-exchange membrane (1,780 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
PEMs. The fuel for the PEMFC is hydrogen, and the charge carrier is the hydrogen ion (proton). At the anode, the hydrogen molecule is split into hydrogenEnzyme kinetics (9,346 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
enzyme kinetics, but at the time the experimental significance of the hydrogen ion concentration was not yet recognized. After Peter Lauritz Sørensen hadLactic acidosis (2,732 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
are inhibited, tending to result in a considerable rise of lactate and hydrogen ion concentrations in the rumen fluid. The pKa of lactic acid is low, aboutDennis Robert Hoagland (5,629 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
:1-16. 1924 The Electrical Charge on a Clay Colloid as Influenced by Hydrogen-Ion Concentration and by Different Salts. With W. C. Dayhuff. Soil Sci.,Brazilianite (1,429 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
best described as the uncommon seven-coordination. The presence of a hydrogen ion in the same cavity where a sodium ion is causes a repulsion between theMolecular gastronomy (3,838 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Baking", "The Chemistry of Vegetable Cookery" and "Determination of Hydrogen Ion Concentration" and contains numerous illustrations of lab experimentsADP-ribosylation (3,535 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
target proteins of infected eukaryotes, to yield nicotinamide and a free hydrogen ion. bAREs are produced as enzyme precursors, consisting of a "A" and "B"Osteopetrosis (2,736 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is required by osteoclasts for proton production. Without this enzyme hydrogen ion pumping is inhibited and bone resorption by osteoclasts is defectiveTransferrin (2,777 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
by receptor-mediated endocytosis. The pH of the vesicle is reduced by hydrogen ion pumps (H+ ATPases) to about 5.5, causing transferrin to release its ironBrønsted–Lowry acid–base theory (1,855 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{3H+{}+ {\overset {(base)}{Al(OH)3}}<=> 3H2O{}+ Al_{(aq)}^3+}}} The hydrogen ion, or hydronium ion, is a Brønsted–Lowry acid when dissolved in H2O andMaud Menten (2,147 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Medical Research. Menten, M. L.; Crile, G. W. (1915). "Studies on the hydrogen-ion concentration in blood under various abnormal conditions". Am. J. PhysiolCatalase (4,224 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
acids Asn148 (asparagine at position 148) and His75, causing a proton (hydrogen ion) to transfer between the oxygen atoms. The free oxygen atom coordinatesPhoenix (nuclear technology company) (1,192 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
from the U.S. Department of Energy to design a high-current negative hydrogen ion source under the SBIR Phase II project. In August 2014, Phoenix NuclearLone pair (2,947 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
dissolved in water and is due to the oxygen atom donating a lone pair to the hydrogen ion. This can be seen more clearly when looked at it in two more common moleculesMeldrum's acid (1,243 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
release of carbon dioxide and acetone. The compound can easily lose a hydrogen ion from the methylene (CH2) in the ring (carbon 5); which creates a doubleZinc compounds (2,626 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
away from an OH bond of a coordinated water molecule and releases a hydrogen ion. The polarizing effect of Zn2+ is part of the reason why zinc is foundZinc compounds (2,626 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
away from an OH bond of a coordinated water molecule and releases a hydrogen ion. The polarizing effect of Zn2+ is part of the reason why zinc is foundAcid-growth hypothesis (1,787 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Durand H, Rayle DL (June 1973). "Physiological evidence for auxin-induced hydrogen-ion secretion and the epidermal paradox". Planta. 114 (2): 185–93. doi:10Guar (1,914 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
boron. The borate–guar reaction is reversible, and depends on the pH (hydrogen ion concentration) of the solution. This reaction is used to give the toyWater (19,576 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
also central to acid-base neutrality and enzyme function. An acid, a hydrogen ion (H+ , that is, a proton) donor, can be neutralized by a base, a protonMuon-catalyzed fusion (3,874 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
a muon essentially form a positively charged muonic molecular heavy hydrogen ion (d–μ–t)+. The muon, with a rest mass 207 times greater than the restButter (5,815 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Hunziker, O F; W. A. Cordes; B. H. Nissen (1 July 1931). "Method for Hydrogen Ion Determination of Butter". Journal of Dairy Science. 14 (4). AmericanMicroemulsion (1,519 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
efficient when the aqueous droplets are small enough to transport a single hydrogen ion (the smaller the droplets, the greater the number of acid water dropletsAddison's disease (4,252 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
because sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule is linked with acid/hydrogen ion (H+) secretion. Absent or insufficient levels of aldosterone stimulationHistamine (4,349 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the H2 receptor and prevent histamine from binding, causing decreased hydrogen ion secretion.[medical citation needed] While histamine has stimulatory effectsEdward Palmer Poulton (691 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Thomas Richard Parsons: Parsons, T. R.; Poulton, E. P. (1923). "The Hydrogen Ion Concentration of the Blood in certain Pathological Conditions, as DeterminedAntimatter tests of Lorentz violation (2,320 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
the technicalities of having opposite charges, a negatively charged hydrogen ion was used in place of the proton. The ion, two electrons bound electrostaticallyIsospin (3,603 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
neutron (symbol n). His model resembled the bonding model for molecule Hydrogen ion, H2+: a single electron was shared by two protons. Heisenberg's theoryEmily Mary Berridge (673 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
of Applied Biology 8 20-26 Emily M. Berridge (1924) The influence of hydrogen-ion concentration on the growth of certain bacterial plant parasites andBiraj Mohan Das Gupta (602 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Preliminary Note on the Relationship of the Intestinal Protozoa of Man to the Hydrogen Ion Concentration of their Environment". Indian Medical Gazette. 58 (4):Cisplatin (3,953 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
noncompetitively inhibits an archetypal, membrane-bound mechanosensitive sodium-hydrogen ion transporter known as NHE-1. It is primarily found on cells of the peripheralLynn Riddiford (691 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Scheraga, Harold (January 1962). "Structural studies of paramyosin. I. Hydrogen ion equilibria". Biochemistry. 1: 95–107. doi:10.1021/bi00907a015. PMID 14492100Defining equation (physical chemistry) (1,420 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
\mathrm {p} K=-\log _{10}K} dimensionless dimensionless Logarithm of hydrogen ion (H+) activity, pH pH pH=−log10[H+]{\displaystyle \mathrm {pH} =-\logGateway Generating Station (2,503 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
catalytic reduction system using aqueous ammonia, which performs condensate hydrogen ion content (pH) control and reduction of NOx emissions. Additionally, thereDisplacement chromatography (2,639 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
strategy is to remove the displacer by chemical reaction; for instance if hydrogen ion was used as displacer it can be removed by reaction with hydroxide, orKelvin water dropper (1,935 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
electric charge results from the separation of the positive aqueous hydrogen ion and the negative aqueous hydroxyl ion as the water droplets form. ThomsonIntracellular pH (1,891 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
PMID 15545345. S2CID 13242391. Brandis K. "2.6 Regulation of Intracellular Hydrogen Ion Concentration". Acid-Base Physiology. Anaesthesia Education Website.E. E. Smith bibliography (1,405 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Me" (Science Wonder Stories, June 1929) "Report of the Subcommittee on Hydrogen-Ion Concentration with Special Reference to the Effect of Flour Bleach",Ruth M. Addoms (672 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
Macmillan. OCLC 01057945. Addoms, Ruth M. (March 1927). "The Effect of the Hydrogen Ion on the Protoplasm of the Root Hairs of Wheat". American Journal of BotanyAquaporin (4,452 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
c157. ISSN 0363-6143. PMID 6320654. Edelman, Isidore S. (25 May 1965). "Hydrogen-ion dependence of the antidiuretic action of vasopressin, oxytocin and deaminooxytocin"Edward James Salisbury (884 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
of Ecology 8 (1): 202–215. Salisbury, E.J. (1922) Stratification and Hydrogen-ion concentration of the soil in relation to leaching and plant successionHelium hydride ion (2,963 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
detected in April 2019 using the airborne SOFIA telescope. The helium hydrogen ion is isoelectronic with molecular hydrogen (H 2). Unlike the dihydrogenManes Kartagener (708 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
senior doctor for eight years. With Löffler he published a paper on "The hydrogen ion concentration in faeces and its importance in acid-base balance". InLactose permease (743 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
outward-facing conformation. Subsequently, through rapid binding of a hydrogen ion, it transitions to state 2. During state 3, the cotransporter capturesGran plot (4,850 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
is the slope, ideally equal to RT/nF, and {H+} is the activity of the hydrogen ion. The expression rearranges to [ H + ] = 10 E − E 0 s o r [ H + ]J. J. Thomson (5,069 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
mass-to-charge ratio was over a thousand times lower than that of a hydrogen ion (H+), suggesting either that the particles were very light and/or veryGlycolysis (8,782 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
form water. The energy released during this process is used to create a hydrogen ion (or proton) gradient across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.Benjamin Karpman (1,470 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
doi:10.1037/h0070193 McClendon JF, Sheldon A, Karpman B (1918). The hydrogen ion concentrations of the contents of the small intestine. Journal of BiologicalJohn R. Baylis (1,077 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
AWWA. 55:12 P&R 40 and 42. Baylis, John R. (1923). “Tungsten Wire for Hydrogen-Ion Determinations.” Ind. Eng. Chem. 15:8 852-3. “Among Chemists.” (1926)Metalloprotein (5,303 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
proceeds rapidly. The catalytic cycle produces the bicarbonate ion and the hydrogen ion as the equilibrium H2CO3 ⇌ HCO− 3 + H+ favours dissociation of carbonicChristen C. Raunkiær (2,286 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
influence exercised by various types of vegetation on the degree of acidity (Hydrogen-ion concentration), p. 443-487. Raunkiær, C. (1926) Nitratindholdet hos AnemoneElectrolysis of water (7,253 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Likewise, a cation with a greater standard electrode potential than a hydrogen ion will be reduced instead of hydrogen. Various cations have lower electrodeNikolay Devyatkov (1,040 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
S2CID 107618872. Batigin VN, Deviatkov ND, Linar EY, etc. Probe to determine the hydrogen ion activity of biological media. The USSR inventors certificate № 296346Exercise physiology (7,454 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
lactic acid. This reaction oxidizes NADH to NAD, thereby releasing a hydrogen ion, promoting acidosis. For this reason, fast glycolysis can not be sustainedAmmonia (15,325 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Ammonia may itself diffuse across the renal tubules, combine with a hydrogen ion, and thus allow for further acid excretion. Ammonium ions are a toxicRobert Andrews Millikan (4,572 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
as he called them, with a charge-to-mass ratio 1840 times that of a hydrogen ion. Similar results had been found by George FitzGerald and Walter KaufmannNafion (2,717 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
membrane for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells by permitting hydrogen ion transport while preventing electron conduction. Solid Polymer ElectrolytesUltrapure water (8,433 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
exchange effluent is always quite high due to the presence of anions and hydrogen ion and therefore conductivity measurement is not useful for this purposeRuBisCO (6,521 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
chloroplasts, the pH of the stroma rises from 7.0 to 8.0 because of the proton (hydrogen ion, H+) gradient created across the thylakoid membrane. The movement ofList of MeSH codes (H01) (4,319 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article
hemodiafiltration MeSH H01.181.529.400 – hydrogen bonding MeSH H01.181.529.428 – hydrogen-ion concentration MeSH H01.181.529.428.176 – acid-base equilibrium MeSH H01Properties of water (9,563 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
concentration of the hydroxide ion (OH− ) equals that of the (solvated) hydrogen ion (H+ ), with a value close to 10−7 mol L−1 at 25 °C. See data page forCortisol (8,516 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
stimulates gastric-acid secretion. Cortisol's only direct effect on the hydrogen-ion excretion of the kidneys is to stimulate the excretion of ammonium ionsLocal blood flow regulation (1,012 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) present in the blood vessel, as well as the hydrogen ion concentration. Both of these factors affect pH and, in turn, the balanceGlossary of civil engineering (6,458 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
acceleration. acid A molecule or ion capable of donating a hydron (proton or hydrogen ion H+), or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electronMercury methylation (1,380 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
undergoing the reactions. Some findings demonstrate that an increase in the hydrogen ion concentration resulted in large increases of the Hg(II) uptake, leadingArnold Beckman (7,034 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
with them. Chemist Glen Joseph at Sunkist was attempting to measure the hydrogen-ion concentration in lemon juice electrochemically, but sulfur dioxide damagedBond hardening (2,114 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
right panel shows relatively uninteresting, single peak of molecular hydrogen ion. The vertical axis gives grating position of the compressor in a chirpedIon source (7,140 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
bare ion. The ions observed are created by the addition of a proton (a hydrogen ion) and denoted [ M + H ] + {\displaystyle {\ce {[{M}+H]+}}} , or of anotherGeometrical frustration (3,851 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
oxygen (white) ion is surrounded by four hydrogen ions (black) and each hydrogen ion is surrounded by 2 oxygen ions, as shown in Figure 5. Maintaining theHaloquadratum walsbyi (2,535 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
Bacteriorhodopsin, a membrane protein that uses energy from light to drive the hydrogen-ion pump, which are found in Haloquadratum walsbyi absorbs energy from lightHistory of quantum mechanics (9,558 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
electrons carry a negative charge opposite but the same size as that of a hydrogen ion while having a mass over one thousand times less. Many such electronsRanitidine (8,572 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
in decreased gastric acid secretion and gastric volume, and reduced hydrogen ion concentration. Ranitidine's acid-lowering effect is more pronounced forWillis R. Whitney (5,522 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
that the iron dissolved into the water before he opened it, due to the hydrogen ion concentration. To verify his results, he sent his undergraduate studentsGaseous signaling molecules (5,516 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Ammonia may itself diffuse across the renal tubules, combine with a hydrogen ion, and thus allow for further acid excretion. Some authors have shown thatAtom probe (4,502 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Let's say that for at a certain ionization voltage, a singly charged hydrogen ion acquires a resulting velocity of 1.4x10^6 ms−1 at 10~kV. A singly chargedWallemia sebi (2,677 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
PMID 26017053. Pitt, J. I.; Hocking, A. D. (1977). "Influence of solute and hydrogen ion choncentration on the water relations of some xerophilic fungi". JournalJames B. Conant (9,798 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
"A Study of Superacid Solutions. II. A Chemical Investigation of the Hydrogen-Ion Activity of Acetic Acid Solutions". Journal of the American ChemicalList of human blood components (94 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
0-2 ×10−6 Histamine 6.7-8.6 ×10−8 Histidine 9-17 ×10−6 1.1-3.8 ×10−5 Hydrogen ion(pH 7.4) 4 ×10−11 beta-Hydroxybutyric acid 1-6 ×10−6 1-9 ×10−6Carborane acid (2,584 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
Brønsted-Lowry acid's strength corresponds with its ability to release a hydrogen ion. One common measure of acid strength for concentrated, superacidic liquidAlkali metal (23,385 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
stemming from its unusual electron configuration and small size, the hydrogen ion is very small (radius around 150 fm compared to the 50–220 pm size ofVirucide (5,556 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
concentrate, application concentration, exposure time, timing of the solution, hydrogen ion concentration (pH value), temperature, etc. play an certain role forSpectrum (physical sciences) (2,729 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article
atoms of hydrogen that is due to free electrons becoming bound to a hydrogen ion and emitting photons, which are smoothly spread over a wide range ofKinetic isotope effect (14,346 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
catalyzed by H3O+: 433 This can be explained for a mechanism of specific hydrogen-ion catalysis of a reactant R by H3O+ (or D3O+). H3O+ + R ⇌ RH+ + H2O RH+Digambara Patra (2,808 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
microcapsule-embedded fluorescent molecule that has the potential to measure hydrogen ion concentration in cells under physiological conditions and also to estimateSoil matrix (4,870 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
negative charges originates from hydroxyl ions, which can gain or lose a hydrogen ion (H+) in response to soil pH, in such way as to buffer the soil pH. TheyExploration of Io (10,769 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
because of the high-radiation environment. Pioneer 10 also discovered a hydrogen ion torus at the orbit of Io. Pioneer 11 encountered the Jupiter system nearlyJane Ingham (6,449 words) [view diff] no match in snippet view article find links to article
1927). "The Absorption of Water by Plant Tissue in Relation to External Hydrogen-Ion Concentration" (PDF). The Journal of Experimental Biology. 4 (3). London:Magnetic sail (21,749 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and coil mass models than those used by Freeland. That paper assumed hydrogen ion (H I) number densities of 0.05-0.2 cm−3 (9x10−23 - 3x10−22 kg/m3) forUnited States hydrogen policy (4,176 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
a fuel cell, the hydrogen atom dissociates into a positively charged hydrogen ion and a negatively charged electron which is diverted to an electric loadUngulate protoparvovirus 1 (8,742 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
and antigenicity are remarkably resistant to heat, a wide range of hydrogen ion concentrations, and enzymes. Replication of PPV in vitro is cytocidalGlass bead road surface marking (2,420 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
{K+}}} , Mg 2 + {\displaystyle {\ce {Mg^2+}}} ) being replaced with a hydrogen ion. Si − O − Na + + ( H + + OH − ) ⟶ Si − OH + Na + + OH − {\displaystyle152830 Dinkinesh (3,396 words) [view diff] case mismatch in snippet view article find links to article
(April 2023). "Simulation of Space Weathering on Asteroid Spectra through Hydrogen Ion Irradiation of Meteorites". The Planetary Science Journal. 4 (4): 10Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (11,189 words) [view diff] exact match in snippet view article find links to article
reactions (Type 1) involve charge transfers, by donation of electron (e–) or Hydrogen ion (H+), to form radicals and ROS, such as anion radical superoxide, hydrogen